Related papers: Adjusted Win Ratio with Stratification: Calculatio…
Composite endpoints are frequently used as primary or secondary analyses in cardiovascular clinical trials to increase clinical relevance and statistical efficiency. Alternatively, the Win Ratio (WR) and other Win Statistics (WS) analyses…
The efficacy of an intervention can be assessed by randomizing patients to different diagnostic tests instead of directly to an intervention and control. This principle is applied by allocating individuals to intervention if the test result…
In test equating, ensuring score comparability across different test forms is crucial but particularly challenging when test groups are non-equivalent and no anchor test is available. Local test equating aims to satisfy Lord's equity…
In observational surveys, post-stratification is used to reduce bias resulting from differences between the survey population and the population under investigation. However, this can lead to inflated post-stratification weights and,…
A platform trial with a master protocol provides an infrastructure to ethically and efficiently evaluate multiple treatment options in multiple diseases. Given that certain study drugs can enter or exit a platform trial, the randomization…
Important questions for impact evaluation require knowledge not only of average effects, but of the distribution of treatment effects. The inability to observe individual counterfactuals makes answering these empirical questions…
The main goal is to develop and, consequently, compare stochastic methods for detection whether a structural change in panel data occurred at some unknown time or not. Panel data of our interest consist of a moderate or relatively large…
Methods for extending -- generalizing or transporting -- inferences from a randomized trial to a target population involve conditioning on a large set of covariates that is sufficient for rendering the randomized and non-randomized groups…
Randomization is a basis for the statistical inference of treatment effects without strong assumptions on the outcome-generating process. Appropriately using covariates further yields more precise estimators in randomized experiments. R. A.…
We present a general framework for using existing data to estimate the efficiency gain from using a covariate-adjusted estimator of a marginal treatment effect in a future randomized trial. We describe conditions under which it is possible…
In many randomized trials, outcomes such as essays or open-ended responses must be manually scored as a preliminary step to impact analysis, a process that is costly and limiting. Model-assisted estimation offers a way to combine surrogate…
This paper studies a two-stage model of experimentation, where the researcher first samples representative units from an eligible pool, then assigns each sampled unit to treatment or control. To implement balanced sampling and assignment,…
Post-stratification is often used to estimate treatment effects with higher efficiency. However, the majority of existing post-stratification frameworks depend on prior knowledge of the distributions of covariates and assume that the units…
In this paper, I propose a general procedure for multivariate distribution-free nonparametric testing derived from the concept of ranks that are based upon measure transportation in the context of multiple change point analysis. I will use…
Clinical studies sometimes encounter truncation by death, rendering outcomes undefined. Statistical analysis based solely on observed survivors may give biased results because the characteristics of survivors differ between treatment…
Regression adjustment is broadly applied in randomized trials under the premise that it usually improves the precision of a treatment effect estimator. However, previous work has shown that this is not always true. To further understand…
Background: Subgroup analyses are frequently conducted in randomized clinical trials to assess evidence of heterogeneous treatment effect across patient subpopulations. Although randomization balances covariates within subgroups in…
The assumption that the sampling distribution of the crude odds ratio (ORcrude) is a log-normal distribution with parameters mu and sigma leads to the incorrect conclusion that the expectation of the log of ORcrude is equal to the parameter…
Consider two random variables contaminated by two unknown transformations. The aim of this paper is to test the equality of those transformations. Two cases are distinguished: first, the two random variables have known distributions.…
The importance of exploring a potential integration among surveys has been acknowledged in order to enhance effectiveness and minimize expenses. In this work, we employ the alignment method to combine information from two different surveys…