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We consider the least-squares regression problem and provide a detailed asymptotic analysis of the performance of averaged constant-step-size stochastic gradient descent (a.k.a. least-mean-squares). In the strongly-convex case, we provide…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-12-02 Alexandre Défossez , Francis Bach

We establish some limit theorems for one-dimensional elephant random walk, including Berry-Esseen bounds, Cram\'{e}r moderate deviations and local limit theorems. These limit theorems can be regarded as refinements of the central limit…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-10-03 Xiequan Fan , Haijuan Hu , Xiaohui Ma

The strong growth condition (SGC) is known to be a sufficient condition for linear convergence of the stochastic gradient method using a constant step-size $\gamma$ (SGM-CS). In this paper, we provide a necessary condition, for the linear…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-06-19 Volkan Cevher , Bang Cong Vu

We prove a centre manifold theorem for a map along a manifold-with-boundary of fixed points, and provide an application to the study of gradient descent with large step size on two-layer matrix factorisation problems.

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-04-21 Lachlan Ewen MacDonald

In this article we review recent generalisations of the central limit theorem for the sum of specially correlated (or q-independent) variables, focusing on q greater or equal than 1. Specifically, this kind of correlation turns the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-12-16 Silvio M. Duarte Queiros , Constantino Tsallis

The purpose of the present paper is to establish explicit bounds on moderate deviation probabilities for a rather general class of geometric functionals enjoying the stabilization property, under Poisson input and the assumption of a…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-03-17 Peter Eichelsbacher , Martin Raic , Tomasz Schreiber

We investigate symmetric edge polytopes generated by Erd\H{o}s--R\'enyi random graphs in a high-dimensional regime. These objects provide a natural and largely unexplored model of random lattice polytopes, in which geometric properties are…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-12 Torben Donzelmann , Martina Juhnke , Benedikt Rednoß , Christoph Thäle

The {\L}ojasiewicz inequality characterizes objective-value convergence along gradient flows and, in special cases, yields exponential decay of the cost. However, such results do not directly give rates of convergence in the state. In this…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-30 Andreas Oliveira , Arthur C. B. de Oliveira , Mario Sznaier , Eduardo Sontag

Although it is relatively easy to apply, the gradient method often displays a disappointingly slow rate of convergence. Its convergence is specially based on the structure of the matrix of the algebraic linear system, and on the choice of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-06-03 Ibrahima Dione

Gradient normalization and soft clipping are two popular techniques for tackling instability issues and improving convergence of stochastic gradient descent (SGD) with momentum. In this article, we study these types of methods through the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-01 Måns Williamson , Tony Stillfjord

We consider a slow-fast stochastic differential system with L\'evy noise. We will employ the perturbed test function method to study the normal deviation of the slow-fast system. Our main result states that the deviation can be approximated…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-03-13 Xiaoyu Yang , Yong Xu , Ruifang Wang , Zhe Jiao

Stochastic gradient descent with momentum (SGDM) is one of the most widely used optimization algorithms in machine learning. While optimization properties of SGDM have been extensively studied in the literature, it remains insufficiently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Yunwen Lei , Zimeng Wang , Xiaoming Yuan

We provide rates of convergence in the central limit theorem in terms of projective criteria for adapted stationary sequences of centered random variables taking values in Banach spaces, with finite moment of order $p \in ]2,3]$ as soon as…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-02-21 Aurélie Bigot

In this paper, we study a class of unbalanced step-reinforced random walks that unifies the elephant random walk, the positively step-reinforced random walk, and the negatively step-reinforced random walk. By establishing a connection with…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-10-14 Zhishui Hu , Liang Dong

We analyze the fluctuations of incomplete $U$-statistics over a triangular array of independent random variables. We give criteria for a Central Limit Theorem (CLT, for short) to hold in the sense that we prove that an appropriately scaled…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-03-24 Matthias Löwe , Sara Terveer

Variation of empirical Fr\'echet means on a metric space with curvature bounded above is encoded via random fields indexed by unit tangent vectors. A central limit theorem shows these random tangent fields converge to a Gaussian such field…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-01-07 Jonathan C. Mattingly , Ezra Miller , Do Tran

We solve a regularized weighted low-rank approximation problem by a stochastic gradient descent on a manifold. To guarantee the convergence of our stochastic gradient descent, we establish a convergence theorem on manifolds for…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-02-21 Conglong Xu , Peiqi Yang , Hao Wu

We prove a central limit theorem under diffusive scaling for the displacement of a random walk on ${\mathbb Z}^d$ in stationary and ergodic doubly stochastic random environment, under the $\mathcal{H}_{-1}$-condition imposed on the drift…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-02-23 Gady Kozma , Bálint Tóth

We study conditions under which treatment effect estimators constructed under the no-interference assumption in randomized experiments are asymptotically normal in the presence of interference. We prove that the standard Horvitz-Thompson…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-03-08 Alex Chin

We established the rate of convergence in the central limit theorem for stopped sums of a class of martingale difference sequences.

Probability · Mathematics 2015-06-26 Lahcen Ouchti