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In this paper, the potential of extending 5G New Radio physical layer solutions to support communications in sub-THz frequencies is studied. More specifically, we introduce the status of third generation partnership project studies related…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-10 Oskari Tervo , Toni Levanen , Kari Pajukoski , Jari Hulkkonen , Pekka Wainio , Mikko Valkama

The volume of mobile data traffic has been driven to an unprecedented high level due to the proliferation of smartphones/mobile devices that support a wide range of broadband applications and services, requiring a next generation mobile…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-07-20 Yinan Qi , Mythri Hunukumbure , Hyungju Nam , Hyunil Yoo , Saidhiraj Amuru

For future wireless communication technologies, an increase in capabilities such as throughput is strongly expected. Transmission in the sub-THz bands (>90 GHz) seems to be the potential solution to meet the ever-increasing capacity demands…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-12-14 Yaya Bello , Jean-Baptiste-Doré , David Demmer

The uplink of 5G networks allows selecting the transmit waveform between cyclic prefix orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CP-OFDM) and discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM), which is appealing for cell-edge users…

This paper studies the potential of using above 71GHz frequencies for 5G-Advanced or later in 6G. More specifically, the focus is to analyze what could be needed in terms of waveform and numerologies. The results suggest that higher…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-13 Oskari Tervo , Ilmari Nousiainen , Ismael Peruga Nasarre , Esa Tiirola , Jari Hulkkonen

The standardization of the sixth-generation (6G) has recently commenced to address the rapidly growing demands for enhanced wireless network services. Nevertheless, existing wireless systems, particularly at the physical layer waveform…

The 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) has been engaged in further advancing the evolved universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS) terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN) and UTRAN based radio access network technologies.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-03-01 Mirza Golam Kibria , Kien Nguyen , Gabriel Porto Villardi , Kentaro Ishizu , Fumihide Kojima

A novel OFDM-based waveform with low peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) and high robustness against phase noise (PN) is presented. It follows the discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM)…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-13 Markku Renfors , Ismael Peruga Nasarre , Toni Levanen , Mikko Valkama , Kari Pajukoski

Delay-Doppler multicarrier modulation (DDMC) techniques have been among the central topics of research for high-Doppler channels. However, a complete transition to DDMC-based waveforms is not yet practically feasible. This is because 5G NR…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-28 Danilo Lelin Li , Ramtin Rabiee , Arman Farhang

In this paper, we identified the challenges and requirements for the waveform design of the fifth generation mobile communication networks (5G) and compared Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) based waveforms with Filter Bank…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-03-09 Yinan Qi , Mohammed Al-Imari

This paper studies the processing principles, implementation challenges, and performance of OFDM-based radars, with particular focus on the fourth-generation Long-Term Evolution (LTE) and fifth-generation (5G) New Radio (NR) mobile…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-23 Carlos Baquero Barneto , Taneli Riihonen , Matias Turunen , Lauri Anttila , Marko Fleischer , Kari Stadius , Jussi Ryynänen , Mikko Valkama

5G New Radio (NR) Release 15 has been specified in June 2018. It introduces numerous changes and potential improvements for physical layer data transmissions, although only point-to-point (PTP) communications are considered. In order to use…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-01-10 Hongzhi Chen , De Mi , Manuel Fuentes , Eduardo Garro , Jose Luis Carcel , Belkacem Mouhouche , Pei Xiao , Rahim Tafazolli

Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) provide the backbone of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) but remain vulnerable to interference. Low Earth Orbit (LEO) constellations within Fifth-Generation (5G) Non-Terrestrial Networks…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-21 Idir Edjekouane , Alejandro González Garrido , Jorge Querol , Symeon Chatzinotas

As the demand for 6G technologies continues to grow, the radio access infrastructure is expected to become increasingly dense. Cell-free (CF) Massive MIMO systems provide remarkable flexibility by enabling coherent service to users through…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Igor Zhilin , Evgenii Vinogradov , Ian Akyildiz

Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) has been selected as the basis for the fifth-generation new radio (5G-NR) waveform developments. However, effective signal processing tools are needed for enhancing the OFDM spectrum in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-30 Juha Yli-Kaakinen , AlaaEddin Loulou , Toni Levanen , Kari Pajukoski , Arto Palin , Markku Renfors , Mikko Valkama

Phase noise (PN) is a critical impairment at D-band frequencies (110 to 170 GHz), which are widely investigated as promising candidates for beyond 5G/6G ISAC systems. This paper evaluates OFDM based ISAC sensing performance under realistic…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-11 Didem Aydogan , Mohaned Chraiti , Korkut Kaan Tokgöz

Sixth generation (6G) physical layer (PHY) is evolving beyond the legacy orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)-based waveforms. In this paper, we compare the bit error rate (BER) performance of three beyond-OFDM waveforms,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Baidyanath Mandal , Aniruddha Chandra , Rastislav Roka , Jarosław Wojtun , Jan Kelner , Cezary Ziołkowski

The rapid evolution of the International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT) landscape has prompted the International Telecommunications Union Working Party 5D (ITU WP5D) to outline the framework for IMT-2030 and beyond. This next-generation…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-16 Koteswara Rao Gudimitla , Sibgath Ali Khan M , Kiran Kuchi

The fifth generation (5G) wireless standard will support several new use cases and 10 to 100 times the performance of fourth generation (4G) systems. Because of the diverse applications for 5G, flexible solutions which can address…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-10-03 Alphan Şahin , Erdem Bala , Rui Yang , Robert L. Olesen

In December 2017, the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) released the first set of specifications for 5G New Radio (NR), which is currently the most widely accepted 5G cellular standard. 5G NR is expected to replace LTE and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-04-10 Marc Lichtman , Raghunandan M. Rao , Vuk Marojevic , Jeffrey H. Reed , Roger Piqueras Jover
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