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Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) are designed to detect the predicted gravitational wave (GW) background produced by a cosmological population of supermassive black hole (SMBH) binaries. In this contribution I review the physics of such GW…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 A. Sesana

Pulsar timing arrays record gravitational waves from supermassive black hole binaries at two spacetime points: an Earth term, measured when the wave passes the Earth, and a pulsar term, measured when the wave passed each pulsar at an…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-24 Qinyuan Zheng , Bence Bécsy , Chiara M. F. Mingarelli

We report the results of an in-depth analysis of the parameter estimation capabilities of BayesWave, an algorithm for the reconstruction of gravitational-wave signals without reference to a specific signal model. Using binary black hole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-02-13 Francesco Pannarale , Ronaldas Macas , Patrick J. Sutton

Modeling the stochastic gravitational wave background from various astrophysical sources is a key objective in view of upcoming observations with ground- and space-based gravitational wave observatories such as Advanced LIGO, VIRGO, eLISA…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-12-07 Irina Dvorkin , Jean-Philippe Uzan , Elisabeth Vangioni , Joseph Silk

Supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs) are an inevitable consequence of galaxy mergers. At subparsec separations, they are practically impossible to resolve, and the most promising technique is to search for quasars with periodic…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-09-14 Caitlin A. Witt , Maria Charisi , Stephen R. Taylor , Sarah Burke-Spolaor

We present the results of a systematic search for massive black hole binaries in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey spectroscopic database. We focus on bound binaries, under the assumption that one of the black holes is active. In this framework,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 P. Tsalmantza , R. Decarli , M. Dotti , David W. Hogg

The coalescence of compact binaries containing neutron stars or black holes is one of the most promising signals for advanced ground-based laser interferometer gravitational-wave detectors, with the first direct detections expected over the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-09-02 Simon Stevenson , Frank Ohme , Stephen Fairhurst

Orbital eccentricity is a crucial physical effect to unveil the origin of compact-object binaries detected by ground- and spaced-based gravitational-wave (GW) observatories. Here, we perform for the first time a Bayesian inference study of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-09-28 Antoni Ramos-Buades , Alessandra Buonanno , Jonathan Gair

Current searches for gravitational waves (GWs) from black hole binaries using the LIGO and Virgo observatories are limited to analytical models for systems with black hole spins aligned (or anti-aligned) with the orbital angular momentum of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-07-26 Chetan Verma , Amit Reza , Gurudatt Gaur , Dilip Krishnaswamy , Sarah Caudill

Third-generation ground-based gravitational wave detectors are expected to observe $\mathcal{O}(10^5)$ of overlapping signals per year from a multitude of astrophysical sources that will be computationally challenging to resolve…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-15 G. Giarda , A. I. Renzini , C. Pacilio , D. Gerosa

Continuous nanohertz gravitational waves from individual supermassive black hole binaries may be detectable with pulsar timing arrays. A novel search strategy is developed, wherein intrinsic achromatic spin wandering is tracked…

By inferring the gravitational wave background (GWB) from a population of supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs), pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) enable the study of massive black holes. In many ways, PTAs manifest the promise of a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-12-16 Nima Laal , Stephen R. Taylor , Cayenne Matt , Kayhan Gultekin

Third-generation gravitational wave detectors, such as the Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer, will detect a bunch of gravitational-wave (GW) signals originating from the coalescence of binary neutron star (BNS) and binary black hole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-08-18 Yoshiaki Himemoto , Atsushi Nishizawa , Atsushi Taruya

Pulsar-timing arrays (PTAs) are seeking gravitational waves from supermassive-black-hole binaries, and there are prospects to complement these searches with stellar-astrometry measurements. Theorists still disagree, however, as to whether…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-19 Selim C. Hotinli , Marc Kamionkowski , Andrew H. Jaffe

The detection of double black hole (BH+BH) mergers provides a unique possibility to understand their physical properties and origin. To date, the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA network of high-frequency gravitational wave observatories have announced the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-10-26 Thomas M. Tauris

The early inspiral from stellar-mass binary black holes (sBBHs) can emit milli-Hertz gravitational wave signals, making them detectable sources for space-borne gravitational wave missions like TianQin. However, the traditional matched…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-08 Xue-Ting Zhang , Natalia Korsakova , Man Leong Chan , Chris Messenger , Yi-Ming Hu

Searching for gravitational waves from stellar-mass binary black holes with LISA remains a challenging open problem. Conventional template-bank approaches to the search are impossible due to the prohibitive number of templates that would be…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-11-22 Diganta Bandopadhyay , Christopher J. Moore

The recent Advanced LIGO detection of gravitational waves from the binary black hole GW150914 suggests there exists a large population of merging binary black holes in the Universe. Although most are too distant to be individually resolved…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-08-17 Thomas Callister , Letizia Sammut , Shi Qiu , Ilya Mandel , Eric Thrane

Beyond individually resolvable gravitational wave events such as binary black hole and binary neutron star mergers, the superposition of many more weak signals coming from a multitude of sources is expected to contribute to an overall…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-12-14 Nick van Remortel , Kamiel Janssens , Kevin Turbang

The vast majority of gravitational-wave signals from stellar-mass compact binary mergers are too weak to be individually detected with present-day instruments and instead contribute to a faint, persistent background. This astrophysical…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-08-19 Arianna I. Renzini , Thomas A. Callister , Katerina Chatziioannou , Will M. Farr
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