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Related papers: Assessing Inference Methods

200 papers

Instead of testing for unanimous agreement, I propose learning how broad of a consensus favors one distribution over another (of earnings, productivity, asset returns, test scores, etc.). Specifically, given a sample from each of two…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-08-27 David M. Kaplan

Ordinal user-provided ratings across multiple items are frequently encountered in both scientific and commercial applications. Whilst recommender systems are known to do well on these type of data from a predictive point of view, their…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-05 Sjoerd Hermes

Assessment of replicability is critical to ensure the quality and rigor of scientific research. In this paper, we discuss inference and modeling principles for replicability assessment. Targeting distinct application scenarios, we propose…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-05-11 Yi Zhao , Xiaoquan Wen

Simulation studies are commonly used in methodological research for the empirical evaluation of data analysis methods. They generate artificial data sets under specified mechanisms and compare the performance of methods across conditions.…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-11 Samuel Pawel , František Bartoš , Björn S. Siepe , Anna Lohmann

Models such as finite state automata are widely used to abstract the behavior of software systems by capturing the sequences of events observable during their execution. Nevertheless, models rarely exist in practice and, when they do, get…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Donato Clun , Donghwan Shin , Antonio Filieri , Domenico Bianculli

In particle physics, as in many areas of science, parameter inference relies on simulations to bridge the gap between theory and experiment. Recent developments in simulation-based inference have boosted the sensitivity of analyses;…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-04-23 Ezequiel Alvarez , Sean Benevedes , Manuel Szewc , Jesse Thaler

Contemporary statistical publications rely on simulation to evaluate performance of new methods and compare them with established methods. In the context of meta-analysis of log-odds-ratios, we investigate how the ways in which simulations…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-07-06 Elena Kulinskaya , David C. Hoaglin , Ilyas Bakbergenuly

Despite the accelerating presence of exploratory causal analysis in modern science and medicine, the available non-experimental methods for validating causal models are not well characterized. One of the most popular methods is to evaluate…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-20 Ritwick Banerjee , Bryan Andrews , Erich Kummerfeld

Many real-world classification problems are significantly class-imbalanced to detriment of the class of interest. The standard set of proper evaluation metrics is well-known but the usual assumption is that the test dataset imbalance equals…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-16 Jan Brabec , Tomáš Komárek , Vojtěch Franc , Lukáš Machlica

Counterfactual mean estimators such as difference-in-differences and synthetic control have grown into workhorse tools for program evaluation. Inference for these estimators is well-developed in settings where all post-treatment data is…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-05-01 Sam van Meer , Nick W. Koning

Permutation tests are a powerful and flexible approach to inference via resampling. As computational methods become more ubiquitous in the statistics curriculum, use of permutation tests has become more tractable. At the heart of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-09 Johanna Hardin , Lauren Quesada , Julie Ye , Nicholas J. Horton

In scientific inference problems, the underlying statistical modeling assumptions have a crucial impact on the end results. There exist, however, only a few automatic means for validating these fundamental modelling assumptions. The…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-05-21 Andreas Svensson , Dave Zachariah , Petre Stoica , Thomas B. Schön

As predictive algorithms grow in popularity, using the same dataset to both train and test a new model has become routine across research, policy, and industry. Sample-splitting attains valid inference on model properties by using separate…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-11-27 Bruno Fava

Composite likelihood inference has gained much popularity thanks to its computational manageability and its theoretical properties. Unfortunately, performing composite likelihood ratio tests is inconvenient because of their awkward…

Computation · Statistics 2014-08-01 Manuela Cattelan , Nicola Sartori

We present extensive empirical evidence showing that current Bayesian simulation-based inference algorithms can produce computationally unfaithful posterior approximations. Our results show that all benchmarked algorithms -- (Sequential)…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-12-06 Joeri Hermans , Arnaud Delaunoy , François Rozet , Antoine Wehenkel , Volodimir Begy , Gilles Louppe

An artificial intelligence (AI) model can be viewed as a function that maps inputs to outputs in high-dimensional spaces. Once designed and well trained, the AI model is applied for inference. However, even optimized AI models can produce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Sha Hu

We study the problem of coincidence detection in time series data, where we aim to determine whether the appearance of simultaneous or near-simultaneous events in two time series is indicative of some shared underlying signal or…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-21 Ruiting Liang , Samuel Dyson , Rina Foygel Barber , Daniel E. Holz

How does the extent to which a model is open or closed impact the scientific inferences that can be drawn from research that involves it? In this paper, we analyze how restrictions on information about model construction and deployment…

Assessing the validity of user simulators when used for the evaluation of information retrieval systems remains an open question, constraining their effective use and the reliability of simulation-based results. To address this issue, we…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Andreas Konstantin Kruff , Nolwenn Bernard , Philipp Schaer

We introduce new inference procedures for counterfactual and synthetic control methods for policy evaluation. We recast the causal inference problem as a counterfactual prediction and a structural breaks testing problem. This allows us to…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-01-26 Victor Chernozhukov , Kaspar Wüthrich , Yinchu Zhu