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In this paper, we theoretically prove that gradient descent can find a global minimum of non-convex optimization of all layers for nonlinear deep neural networks of sizes commonly encountered in practice. The theory developed in this paper…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-18 Kenji Kawaguchi , Jiaoyang Huang

In this review paper, we give a comprehensive overview of the large variety of approximation results for neural networks. Approximation rates for classical function spaces as well as benefits of deep neural networks over shallow ones for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-10 Ingo Gühring , Mones Raslan , Gitta Kutyniok

The loss surfaces of deep neural networks have been the subject of several studies, theoretical and experimental, over the last few years. One strand of work considers the complexity, in the sense of local optima, of high dimensional random…

Neural implicit surface representations have recently emerged as popular alternative to explicit 3D object encodings, such as polygonal meshes, tabulated points, or voxels. While significant work has improved the geometric fidelity of these…

Graphics · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Yanran Guan , Andrei Chubarau , Ruby Rao , Derek Nowrouzezahrai

In machine learning, a loss function measures the difference between model predictions and ground-truth (or target) values. For neural network models, visualizing how this loss changes as model parameters are varied can provide insights…

Even though probabilistic treatments of neural networks have a long history, they have not found widespread use in practice. Sampling approaches are often too slow already for simple networks. The size of the inputs and the depth of typical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-30 Jochen Gast , Stefan Roth

Neural networks are one of the most popularly used methods in machine learning and artificial intelligence nowadays. Due to the universal approximation theorem (Hornik et al. (1989)), a neural network with one hidden layer can approximate…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-09-18 Xiaoxi Shen , Chang Jiang , Lyudmila Sakhanenko , Qing Lu

Network embedding is an effective technique to learn the low-dimensional representations of nodes in networks. Real-world networks are usually with multiplex or having multi-view representations from different relations. Recently, there has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Qifan Wang , Yi Fang , Anirudh Ravula , Ruining He , Bin Shen , Jingang Wang , Xiaojun Quan , Dongfang Liu

We define a neural network in infinite dimensional spaces for which we can show the universal approximation property. Indeed, we derive approximation results for continuous functions from a Fr\'echet space $\X$ into a Banach space $\Y$. The…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2022-05-18 Fred Espen Benth , Nils Detering , Luca Galimberti

A basic problem in machine learning is to find a mapping $f$ from a low dimensional latent space $\mathcal{Y}$ to a high dimensional observation space $\mathcal{X}$. Modern tools such as deep neural networks are capable to represent general…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Ke Sun

We analyze multi-layer neural networks in the asymptotic regime of simultaneously (A) large network sizes and (B) large numbers of stochastic gradient descent training iterations. We rigorously establish the limiting behavior of the…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-04-06 Justin Sirignano , Konstantinos Spiliopoulos

While both shape and texture are fundamental to visual recognition, research on deep neural networks (DNNs) has predominantly focused on the latter, leaving their geometric understanding poorly probed. Here, we show: first, that optimized…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Jian Wang , Yixing Yong , Haixia Bi , Lijun He , Fan Li

The local geometry of high dimensional neural network loss landscapes can both challenge our cherished theoretical intuitions as well as dramatically impact the practical success of neural network training. Indeed recent works have observed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-15 Stanislav Fort , Surya Ganguli

In this paper, we propose a geometric framework to analyze the convergence properties of gradient descent trajectories in the context of linear neural networks. We translate a well-known empirical observation of linear neural nets into a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Yacine Chitour , Zhenyu Liao , Romain Couillet

We examine the squared error loss landscape of shallow linear neural networks. We show---with significantly milder assumptions than previous works---that the corresponding optimization problems have benign geometric properties: there are no…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-06 Zhihui Zhu , Daniel Soudry , Yonina C. Eldar , Michael B. Wakin

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have shown great success in many machine learning tasks. Their training is challenging since the loss surface of the network architecture is generally non-convex, or even non-smooth. How and under what…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-09 Lam M. Nguyen , Trang H. Tran , Marten van Dijk

Bilateral filters have wide spread use due to their edge-preserving properties. The common use case is to manually choose a parametric filter type, usually a Gaussian filter. In this paper, we will generalize the parametrization and in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-11-30 Varun Jampani , Martin Kiefel , Peter V. Gehler

Recently, the deep neural network (derived from the artificial neural network) has attracted many researchers' attention by its outstanding performance. However, since this network requires high-performance GPUs and large storage, it is…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-02-25 Song Wang , Dongchun Ren , Li Chen , Wei Fan , Jun Sun , Satoshi Naoi

A residual network (or ResNet) is a standard deep neural net architecture, with state-of-the-art performance across numerous applications. The main premise of ResNets is that they allow the training of each layer to focus on fitting just…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-28 Ohad Shamir

In all but the most trivial optimization problems, the structure of the solutions exhibit complex interdependencies between the input parameters. Decades of research with stochastic search techniques has shown the benefit of explicitly…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-03-23 Shumeet Baluja
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