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A train of periodic optical pulses gives an optical frequency "comb" that acts as a precise ruler for light measurement due to its equally spaced frequencies. Today, such pulses last millionths of a billionth of a second (Femtoseconds/fs)…
Optical detection of structures with dimensions smaller than an optical wavelength requires devices that work on scales beyond the diffraction limit. Here we present the possibility of using a tapered optical nanofiber as a detector to…
Strongly confined surface plasmon-polariton modes can be used for efficiently delivering the electromagnetic energy to nano-sized volumes by reducing the cross sections of propagating modes far beyond the diffraction limit, i.e., by…
Nanoparticle (NP) arrays of noble metals strongly absorb light in the visible to infrared wavelengths through resonant interactions between the incident electromagnetic field and the metal's free electron plasma. Such plasmonic interfaces…
Dual-phase liquid-xenon time projection chambers (LXe TPCs) deploying a few tonnes of liquid are presently leading the search for WIMP dark matter. Scaling these detectors to 10-fold larger fiducial masses, while improving their sensitivity…
The field of attosecond nanophysics, combining the research areas of attosecond physics with nanoscale physics, has experienced a considerable rise in recent years both experimentally and theoretically. Its foundation rests on the sub-cycle…
Germanium-on-Silicon (Ge-on-Si) is a promising, CMOS-compatible platform for integrated terahertz (THz) photonics, offering a low-cost alternative to III-V semiconductors. A primary challenge for Ge-based photoconductive antennas (PCAs),…
The terahertz current generated by a photoconductive device (PCD) saturates as the power of the input optical pump is increased. This behavior is induced by various screening effects that stem from the interactions between electromagnetic…
Research in photonic computing has flourished due to the proliferation of optoelectronic components on photonic integration platforms. Photonic integrated circuits have enabled ultrafast artificial neural networks, providing a framework for…
Scattering-based single-particle tracking (S-SPT) has opened new avenues for highly sensitive label-free detection and characterization of nanoscopic objects, making it particularly attractive for various analytical applications. However, a…
The concepts in this thesis comprise three groups focusing on: (1) fast electron sources, (2) THz injectors, and (3) THz linacs. First, the feasibility of ultrafast, high-yield electron emitters based on nanostructured cathodes is…
The discovery of graphene triggered a rapid rise of unexplored two-dimensional materials and heterostructures having optoelectronic and photonics properties that can be tailored on the nanoscale. Among these materials, black phosphorus (BP)…
Analog photonic links require high-fidelity, high-speed optical-to-electrical conversion for applications such as radio-over-fiber, synchronization at kilometer-scale facilities, and low-noise electronic signal generation. Photodetector…
Electromagnetic (EM) wave detection over a large spectrum has recently attracted significant amount of attention. Traditional electronic EM wave sensors use large metallic probes which distort the field to be measured and also have strict…
Photoluminescence (PL) is a ubiquitous proxy for material quality in optoelectronic devices, widely used for high-throughput materials discovery. However, we demonstrate that in the presence of charge-selective contacts, PL loses its…
Efficient fiber-to-waveguide light coupling has been a key issue in integrated photonics for many years. The main challenge lies in the huge mode mismatch between an optical fiber and a single mode waveguide. Herein, we present a novel…
The detection of ultrafast optical and radio-frequency (RF) signals is crucial for applications ranging from high-speed communications to advanced sensing. However, conventional detectors are fundamentally constrained by their intrinsic…
Physical challenges at the device and interconnect level limit both network and computing energy efficiency. While photonics is being considered to address interconnect bottlenecks, optical routing is still limited by electronic circuitry,…
Photonic integration has witnessed tremendous progress over the last years, and chip-scale transceiver systems with Terabit/s data rates have come into reach. However, as on-chip integration density increases, efficient off-chip interfaces…
We propose a novel approach to the important fundamental problem of detecting weak optical fields at the few photon level. The ability to detect with high efficiency (>99%), and to distinguish the number of photons in a given time interval…