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One primary goal of precision medicine is to estimate the individualized treatment rules (ITRs) that optimize patients' health outcomes based on individual characteristics. Health studies with multiple treatments are commonly seen in…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-07 Xuqiao Li , Qiuyan Zhou , Ying Wu , Ying Yan

To promote precision medicine, individualized treatment regimes (ITRs) are crucial for optimizing the expected clinical outcome based on patient-specific characteristics. However, existing ITR research has primarily focused on scenarios…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-02-20 Chang Wang , Lu Wang

The field of precision medicine aims to tailor treatment based on patient-specific factors in a reproducible way. To this end, estimating an optimal individualized treatment regime (ITR) that recommends treatment decisions based on patient…

Modern precision medicine aims to utilize real-world data to provide the best treatment for an individual patient. An individualized treatment rule (ITR) maps each patient's characteristics to a recommended treatment scheme that maximizes…

Applications · Statistics 2025-01-07 Andong Wang , Kelly Wentzlof , Johnny Rajala , Miontranese Green , Yunshu Zhang , Shu Yang

The individualized treatment rule (ITR), which recommends an optimal treatment based on individual characteristics, has drawn considerable interest from many areas such as precision medicine, personalized education, and personalized…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-09-28 Qi Xu , Haoda Fu , Annie Qu

Precision medicine involves developing individualized treatment regimes (ITRs) which allow for treatment decisions to be tailored to patient characteristics. Naturally, the identification of the optimal regime, that is, the rule which…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-30 Misha Dolmatov , Erica E. M. Moodie , David A. Stephens , Dipankar Bandyopadhyay

Data-driven individualized decision making has recently received increasing research interests. Most existing methods rely on the assumption of no unmeasured confounding, which unfortunately cannot be ensured in practice especially in…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-12-26 Zhengling Qi , Rui Miao , Xiaoke Zhang

Individualized treatment regimes (ITRs) aim to improve clinical outcomes by assigning treatment based on patient-specific characteristics. However, existing methods often struggle with high-dimensional covariates, limiting accuracy,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-13 Sungtaek Son , Eardi Lila , Kwun Chuen Gary Chan

Individualized treatment rules (ITRs) for treatment recommendation is an important topic for precision medicine as not all beneficial treatments work well for all individuals. Interpretability is a desirable property of ITRs, as it helps…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-11-06 Jacob M. Maronge , Jared D. Huling , Guanhua Chen

Individualized treatment rules (ITRs) tailor treatments according to individual patient characteristics. They can significantly improve patient care and are thus becoming increasingly popular. The data collected during randomized clinical…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-06-30 Stanislav Minsker , Ying-Qi Zhao , Guang Cheng

Identifying patients who benefit from a treatment is a key aspect of personalized medicine, which allows the development of individualized treatment rules (ITRs). Many machine learning methods have been proposed to create such rules.…

Precision medicine is an emerging scientific topic for disease treatment and prevention that takes into account individual patient characteristics. It is an important direction for clinical research, and many statistical methods have been…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-02-17 Jingxiang Chen , Haoda Fu , Xuanyao He , Michael R. Kosorok , Yufeng Liu

Individualized treatment recommendation (ITR) is an important analytic framework for precision medicine. The goal is to assign proper treatments to patients based on their individual characteristics. From the machine learning perspective,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-04-07 Haomiao Meng , Ying-Qi Zhao , Haoda Fu , Xingye Qiao

Accurate identification of synergistic treatment combinations and their underlying biological mechanisms is critical across many disease domains, especially cancer. In translational oncology research, preclinical systems such as…

Applications · Statistics 2023-10-31 Tsung-Hung Yao , Zhenke Wu , Karthik Bharath , Jinju Li , Veerabhadran Baladandayuthapan

We develop a mathematical framework to define an optimal individualized treatment rule (ITR) within the context of prioritized outcomes in a randomized controlled trial. Our optimality criterion is based on the framework of generalized…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-17 François Petit , Gérard Biau , Raphaël Porcher

An individualized treatment rule (ITR) is a decision rule that aims to improve individual patients health outcomes by recommending optimal treatments according to patients specific information. In observational studies, collected data may…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-03 Zeyu Bian , Erica EM Moodie , Susan M Shortreed , Sylvie D Lambert , Sahir Bhatnagar

Individualized treatment rules (ITR) can improve health outcomes by recognizing that patients may respond differently to treatment and assigning therapy with the most desirable predicted outcome for each individual. Flexible and efficient…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-09-25 Brent R. Logan , Rodney Sparapani , Robert E. McCulloch , Purushottam W. Laud

Individualized treatment rules (ITRs) aim to optimize healthcare by tailoring treatment decisions to patient-specific characteristics. Existing methods typically rely on either interpretable but inflexible models or highly flexible…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-13 Yasin Khadem Charvadeh , Katherine S. Panageas , Yuan Chen

Recent development in the data-driven decision science has seen great advances in individualized decision making. Given data with individual covariates, treatment assignments and outcomes, policy makers best individualized treatment rule…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-29 Weibin Mo , Zhengling Qi , Yufeng Liu

Medical treatments tailored to a patient's baseline characteristics hold the potential of improving patient outcomes while reducing negative side effects. Learning individualized treatment rules (ITRs) often requires aggregation of multiple…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-12-15 Jay Jojo Cheng , Jared D. Huling , Guanhua Chen
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