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Local thermal instability can plausibly explain the formation of multiphase gas in many different astrophysical environments, but the theory is only well understood in the optically thin limit of the equations of radiation hydrodynamics…
The blast-wave model for gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) has been called into question by observations of spectra from GRBs that are harder than can be produced through optically thin synchrotron emission. If GRBs originate from the collapse of…
We model the temperature and chemical structure of molecular clouds as a function of depth into the cloud, assuming a cloud of constant density n illuminated by an external FUV (6 eV < E < 13.6 eV) flux G_0 (scaling factor in multiples of…
We use 3D computer modelling to investigate the timescales and radiative output from maser flares generated by the impact of shock-waves on astronomical unit-scale clouds in interstellar and star-forming regions, and in circumstellar…
Time dependent photoionization modeling of warm absorber outflows in active galactic nuclei can play an important role in understanding the interaction between warm absorbers and the central black hole. The warm absorber may be out of the…
(abridged) We calculate near-infrared thermal emission spectra using a doubling-adding radiative transfer code, which includes scattering by clouds and haze. Initial temperature profiles and cloud optical depths are taken from the…
We report the observation of the optomechanical strain applied to thermal and to quantum degenerate $^{87}\text{Rb}$ atomic clouds when illuminated by an intense, far detuned homogenous laser beam. In this regime the atomic cloud acts as a…
We numerically examine the influence of the viscosity on the relaxation process of localized clouds in thermally unstable two-phase media, which are locally heated by cosmic ray and cooled by radiation. Pulselike stationary solutions of the…
The precise control and knowledge over the atomic dynamics is central to the advancement of quantum technology. The different experimental conditions namely, atoms in a vacuum, an anti-relaxation coated and a buffer gas filled atomic cell…
Cold clouds in hot media are quickly crushed, shredded, and then accelerated as a result of their interaction with the background gas. The persistence of cold clouds moving at substantial velocities in harsh environments is a common yet…
Cold gas clouds embedded in a hot, turbulent medium are expected to be short-lived due to disruptive hydrodynamic instabilities. However, radiative cooling might allow such clouds to survive and grow. We present 3D \texttt{Athena++}…
Clouds have a strong impact on the climate of planetary atmospheres. The potential scattering greenhouse effect of CO2 ice clouds in the atmospheres of terrestrial extrasolar planets is of particular interest because it might influence the…
We study the emission and dissipation of acoustic waves from cool dense clouds in pressure equilibrium with a hot, volume-filling dilute gas component. In our model, the clouds are exposed to a source of ionizing radiation whose flux level…
We numerically investigate the evolution of compact high-velocity clouds (CHVCs) passing through a hot, tenuous gas representing the highly-ionized circumgalactic medium (CGM) by applying the adaptive-mesh refinement code FLASH. The model…
Dust properties within a galaxy are known to change from the diffuse medium to dense clouds due to increased local gas density. However, the question of whether dust properties change with redshift remains elusive. In this paper, using the…
We develop a temperature measurement of an atomic cloud based on the temporal correlations of fluorescence photons evanescently coupled into an optical nanofiber. We measure the temporal width of the intensity-intensity correlation function…
We perform linear analysis of thermal instability in a contracting large cloud filled with warm HI gas and investigate the effect of metallicity and radiation flux. When the cloud reaches critical density n_f, the cloud fragments into cool,…
We study the emergence of a collective optical response of a cold and dense $^{87}$Rb atomic cloud to a near-resonant low-intensity light when the atom number is gradually increased. Experimental observations are compared with microscopic…
Theory and observations reveal that the circumgalactic medium (CGM) and the cosmic web at high redshifts are multiphase, with small clouds of cold gas embedded in a hot, diffuse medium. A proposed mechanism is `shattering' of large,…
We theoretically investigate the temperature dependence of the reversible structural relaxation time and diffusion constant of metallic glasses under pressure. The compression not only changes the glassy dynamics, but also generates a…