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Program synthesis aims to automatically generate an executable program that conforms to the given specification. Recent advancements have demonstrated that deep neural methodologies and large-scale pretrained language models are highly…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Tianyi Chen , Qidi Wang , Zhen Dong , Liwei Shen , Xin Peng

People grasp flexible visual concepts from a few examples. We explore a neurosymbolic system that learns how to infer programs that capture visual concepts in a domain-general fashion. We introduce Template Programs: programmatic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-11 R. Kenny Jones , Siddhartha Chaudhuri , Daniel Ritchie

Recent data-efficient molecular generation approaches exploit graph grammars to introduce interpretability into the generative models. However, grammar learning therein relies on expert annotation or unreliable heuristics for algorithmic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Michael Sun , Weize Yuan , Gang Liu , Wojciech Matusik , Jie Chen

Understanding how the structure of language can be learned from sentences alone is a central question in both cognitive science and machine learning. Studies of the internal representations of Large Language Models (LLMs) support their…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-10 Jack T. Parley , Francesco Cagnetta , Matthieu Wyart

The recent proliferation of richly structured probabilistic models raises the question of how to automatically determine an appropriate model for a dataset. We investigate this question for a space of matrix decomposition models which can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-10-19 Roger Grosse , Ruslan R Salakhutdinov , William T. Freeman , Joshua B. Tenenbaum

Syntax is fundamental to our thinking about language. Failing to capture the structure of input language could lead to generalization problems and over-parametrization. In the present work, we propose a new syntax-aware language model:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Yikang Shen , Shawn Tan , Alessandro Sordoni , Siva Reddy , Aaron Courville

Transformer-based language models are effective but complex, and understanding their inner workings and reasoning mechanisms is a significant challenge. Previous research has primarily explored how these models handle simple tasks like name…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Zeyuan Allen-Zhu , Yuanzhi Li

Unsupervised parsing, also known as grammar induction, aims to infer syntactic structure from raw text. Recently, binary representation has exhibited remarkable information-preserving capabilities at both lexicon and syntax levels. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Yiran Wang , Masao Utiyama

We introduce a new application for inductive logic programming: learning the semantics of programming languages from example evaluations. In this short paper, we explored a simplified task in this domain using the Metagol meta-interpretive…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-07-23 Sándor Bartha , James Cheney

SYNTAGMA is a rule-based parsing system, structured on two levels: a general parsing engine and a language specific grammar. The parsing engine is a language independent program, while grammar and language specific rules and resources are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-01-22 Daniel Christen

We study the problem of learning differentiable functions expressed as programs in a domain-specific language. Such programmatic models can offer benefits such as composability and interpretability; however, learning them requires…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Ameesh Shah , Eric Zhan , Jennifer J. Sun , Abhinav Verma , Yisong Yue , Swarat Chaudhuri

We present evidence that language models (LMs) of code can learn to represent the formal semantics of programs, despite being trained only to perform next-token prediction. Specifically, we train a Transformer model on a synthetic corpus of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Charles Jin , Martin Rinard

Controlling the syntactic structure of text generated by language models is valuable for applications requiring clarity, stylistic consistency, or interpretability, yet it remains a challenging task. In this paper, we argue that sampling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Vicky Xefteri , Tim Vieira , Ryan Cotterell , Afra Amini

The nonliteral interpretation of a text is hard to be understood by machine models due to its high context-sensitivity and heavy usage of figurative language. In this study, inspired by human reading comprehension, we propose a novel,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-17 Guoxiu He , Zhe Gao , Zhuoren Jiang , Yangyang Kang , Changlong Sun , Xiaozhong Liu , Wei Lu

This paper integrates graph-to-sequence into an end-to-end text-to-speech framework for syntax-aware modelling with syntactic information of input text. Specifically, the input text is parsed by a dependency parsing module to form a…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Jianzong Wang , Xulong Zhang , Aolan Sun , Ning Cheng , Jing Xiao

We consider the problem of inferring a grammar describing the output of a functional program given a grammar describing its input. Solutions to this problem are helpful for detecting bugs or proving safety properties of functional programs,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-03-14 Thomas Genet , Yann Salmon

Large language models generate code one token at a time. Their autoregressive generation process lacks the feedback of observing the program's output. Training LLMs to suggest edits directly can be challenging due to the scarcity of rich…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Shreyas Kapur , Erik Jenner , Stuart Russell

Accurate description of program inputs remains a critical challenge in the field of programming languages. Active learning, as a well-established field, achieves exact learning for regular languages. We offer an innovative grammar inference…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Xiaodong Jia , Gang Tan

Grammatical inference is a machine learning area, whose fundamentals are built around learning sets. At present, real-life data and examples from manually crafted grammars are used to test their learning performance. This paper aims to…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2019-11-15 Olgierd Unold , Agnieszka Kaczmarek , Łukasz Culer

We propose a neural language model capable of unsupervised syntactic structure induction. The model leverages the structure information to form better semantic representations and better language modeling. Standard recurrent neural networks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-02-20 Yikang Shen , Zhouhan Lin , Chin-Wei Huang , Aaron Courville