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Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is a very useful non-destructive evaluation (NDE) device for locating and mapping underground assets prior to digging and trenching efforts in construction. This paper presents a novel robotic system to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-21 Jinglun Feng , Liang Yang , Ejup Hoxha , Jiang Biao , Jizhong Xiao

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are deep-learning architectures designed for graph-type data, where understanding relationships among individual observations is crucial. However, achieving promising GNN performance, especially on unseen data,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Lequan Lin , Dai Shi , Andi Han , Zhiyong Wang , Junbin Gao

Deep learning's performance has been extensively recognized recently. Graph neural networks (GNNs) are designed to deal with graph-structural data that classical deep learning does not easily manage. Since most GNNs were created using…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Zhiqian Chen , Fanglan Chen , Lei Zhang , Taoran Ji , Kaiqun Fu , Liang Zhao , Feng Chen , Lingfei Wu , Charu Aggarwal , Chang-Tien Lu

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are among the most powerful tools in deep learning. They routinely solve complex problems on unstructured networks, such as node classification, graph classification, or link prediction, with high accuracy.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Maciej Besta , Torsten Hoefler

Estimating subsurface dielectric properties is essential for applications ranging from environmental surveys of soils to nondestructive evaluation of concrete in infrastructure. Conventional wave inversion methods typically assume few…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-30 Ishfaq Aziz , Mohamad Alipour

Among the commonly used non-destructive techniques, the Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is one of the most widely adopted today for assessing pavement conditions in France. However, conventional radar systems and their forward processing…

Pavement infrastructure monitoring is challenged by complex spatial dependencies, changing environmental conditions, and non-linear deterioration across road networks. Traditional Pavement Management Systems (PMS) remain largely reactive,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Mohsin Mahmud Topu , Mahfuz Ahmed Anik , Azmine Toushik Wasi , Md Manjurul Ahsan

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are increasingly being deployed in high-stakes applications, from self-driving cars to biometric authentication. However, their unpredictable and unreliable behaviors in real-world settings require new approaches…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Firas Ben Hmida , Abderrahmen Amich , Ata Kaboudi , Birhanu Eshete

In groundwater hydrology, geophysical imaging holds considerable promise for improving parameter estimation, due to the generally high resolution and spatial coverage of geophysical data. However, inversion of geophysical data alone cannot…

Geophysics · Physics 2017-01-06 T. Lochbühler , J. Doetsch , R. Brauchler , N. Linde

In this paper we analyze the performance of time-reversal (TR) techniques in conjunction with various Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) pre-processing methods aimed at improving detection of subsurface targets. TR techniques were first…

Geophysics · Physics 2017-10-11 Vinicius R. N. Santos , Fernando L. Teixeira

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are a well-regarded tool for learned control of networked dynamical systems due to their ability to be deployed in a distributed manner. However, current distributed GNN architectures assume that all nodes in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Samuel Honor , Mohamed Abdelnaby , Kevin Leahy

Deep learning (DL) methods have emerged as a powerful tool for the inversion of geophysical data. When applied to field data, these models often struggle without additional fine-tuning of the network. This is because they are built on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Koustav Ghosal , Arun Singh , Samir Malakar , Shalivahan Srivastava , Deepak Gupta

Accurate prediction of permeability in porous media is essential for modeling subsurface flow. While pure data-driven models offer computational efficiency, they often lack generalization across scales and do not incorporate explicit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Qingqi Zhao , Heng Xiao

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) provides a promising technology for accurate subsurface object detection. In particular, it has shown promise for detecting landmines with low metal content. However, the ground bounce (GB) that is present in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Li Tang , Peter A. Torrione , Cihat Eldeniz , Leslie M. Collins

GPR full-waveform inversion optimizes the subsurface property model iteratively to match the entire waveform information. However, the model gradients derived from wavefield continuation often contain errors, such as ghost values and…

Training deep graph neural networks (GNNs) is notoriously hard. Besides the standard plights in training deep architectures such as vanishing gradients and overfitting, it also uniquely suffers from over-smoothing, information squashing,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Tianlong Chen , Kaixiong Zhou , Keyu Duan , Wenqing Zheng , Peihao Wang , Xia Hu , Zhangyang Wang

In recent years, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have been utilized for various applications ranging from drug discovery to network design and social networks. In many applications, it is impossible to observe some properties of the graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Moshe Eliasof , Md Shahriar Rahim Siddiqui , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb , Eldad Haber

Regularization is critical for solving ill-posed geophysical inverse problems. Explicit regularization is often used, but there are opportunities to explore the implicit regularization effects that are inherent in a Neural Network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Anran Xu , Lindsey J. Heagy

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) show strong promise for circuit analysis, but scaling to modern large-scale circuit graphs is limited by GPU memory and training cost, especially for deep models. We revisit deep GNNs for circuit graphs and show…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Yuebo Luo , Shiyang Li , Yifei Feng , Vishal Kancharla , Shaoyi Huang , Caiwen Ding

Inspection of confined infrastructure such as culverts often requires accessing hidden spaces whose entrances are reachable primarily from elevated viewpoints. Aerial-ground cooperation enables a UAV to deploy a compact UGV for interior…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Seoyoung Lee , Shaekh Mohammad Shithil , Durgakant Pushp , Lantao Liu , Zhangyang Wang