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Dynamic trajectories can be modeled with a Markov State Model (MSM). The reduction of continuous space coordinates to discretized coordinates can be done by statistical binning process. In addition to that, the transition probabilities can…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-02 Efe Ilker

An issue for molecular dynamics simulations is that events of interest often involve timescales that are much longer than the simulation time step, which is set by the fastest timescales of the model. Because of this timescale separation,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-08-15 John Strahan , Chatipat Lorpaiboon , Jonathan Weare , Aaron R. Dinner

Markov state models (MSMs) have become a popular approach for investigating the conformational dynamics of proteins and other biomolecules. MSMs are typically built from numerous molecular dynamics simulations by dividing the sampled…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2015-06-12 Yuan Yao , Raymond Z. Cui , Gregory R. Bowman , Daniel Silva , Jian Sun , Xuhui Huang

The weighted ensemble (WE) simulation strategy provides unbiased sampling of non-equilibrium processes, such as molecular folding or binding, but the extraction of rate constants relies on characterizing steady state behavior.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-10-02 Jeremy Copperman , Daniel Zuckerman

Markov state models (MSMs) are a widely used method for approximating the eigenspectrum of the molecular dynamics propagator, yielding insight into the long-timescale statistical kinetics and slow dynamical modes of biomolecular systems.…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2015-03-30 Robert T. McGibbon , Vijay S. Pande

Significant progress in computer hardware and software have enabled molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to model complex biological phenomena such as protein folding. However, enabling MD simulations to access biologically relevant…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2019-08-02 Heng Ma , Debsindhu Bhowmik , Hyungro Lee , Matteo Turilli , Michael T. Young , Shantenu Jha , Arvind Ramanathan

Gene regulatory networks with dynamics characterized by multiple stable states underlie cell fate-decisions. Quantitative models that can link molecular-level knowledge of gene regulation to a global understanding of network dynamics have…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2016-10-19 Brian K. Chu , Margaret J. Tse , Royce R. Sato , Elizabeth L. Read

We present a new method that enables the identification and analysis of both transition and metastable conformational states from atomistic or coarse-grained molecular dynamics (MD) trajectories. Our algorithm is presented and studied by…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2017-10-04 Linda Martini , Adam Kells , Gerhard Hummer , Nicolae-Viorel Buchete , Edina Rosta

In typical single-molecule force spectroscopy experiments the mechanical unfolding of molecular complexes or biomolecules is studied applying a force ramp to one end of the system while the other end is kept fixed in space. The…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-05-18 Marco Oestereich , Jürgen Gauss , Gregor Diezemann

Molecular motors and other complex nonequilibrium systems are controlled by large sets of design parameters, and optimizing those parameters requires computing sensitivities -- derivatives of dynamical observables with respect to the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-12 John Strahan , Todd R. Gingrich

Developing accurate and efficient coarse-grained representations of proteins is crucial for understanding their folding, function, and interactions over extended timescales. Our methodology involves simulating proteins with molecular…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-10-11 Carles Navarro , Maciej Majewski , Gianni de Fabritiis

Assessing the time scale of biological processes using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with sufficient statistical accuracy is a challenging task, as processes are often rare and/or slow events, which may extend largely beyond the time…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-02-16 Wouter Vervust , Elias Wils , Sina Safaei , Daniel T. Zhang , An Ghysels

Rate processes are often modeled using Markov-State Models (MSM). Suppose you know a prior MSM, and then learn that your prediction of some particular observable rate is wrong. What is the best way to correct the whole MSM? For example,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-11-09 Purushottam D. Dixit , Ken A. Dill

Dynamical reweighting methods permit to estimate kinetic observables of a stochastic process governed by a target potential $\tilde{V}(x)$ from trajectories that have been generated at a different potential $V(x)$. In this article, we…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-12-28 Luca Donati , Marcus Weber , Bettina G. Keller

Understanding the dynamic behavior of biomolecules is fundamental to elucidating biological function and facilitating drug discovery. While Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations provide a rigorous physical basis for studying these dynamics,…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-19 Liang Shi , Jiarui Lu , Junqi Liu , Chence Shi , Zhi Yang , Jian Tang

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is widely used to study protein conformations and dynamics. However, conventional simulation suffers from being trapped in some local energy minima that are hard to escape. Thus, most computational time is…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2022-04-28 Hao Tian , Xi Jiang , Sian Xiao , Hunter La Force , Eric C. Larson , Peng Tao

We present a dynamic coarse-graining technique that allows to simulate the mechanical unfolding of biomolecules or molecular complexes on experimentally relevant time scales. It is based on Markov state models (MSM), which we construct from…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2018-08-17 Fabian Knoch , Ken Schäfer , Gregor Diezemann , Thomas Speck

A method is proposed to identify target states that optimize a metastability index amongst a set of trial states and use these target states as milestones (or core sets) to build Markov State Models (MSMs). If the optimized metastability…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-08-03 Enrico Guarnera , Eric Vanden-Eijnden

The efficient calculation of rare-event kinetics in complex dynamical systems, such as the rate and pathways of ligand dissociation from a protein, is a generally unsolved problem. Markov state models can systematically integrate ensembles…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2016-02-03 Benjamin Trendelkamp-Schroer , Frank Noe

A number of modern sampling methods probe long time behavior in complex biomolecules using a set of relatively short trajectory segments. Markov state models (MSMs) can be useful in analyzing such data sets, but in particularly complex…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2014-07-08 Ernesto Suarez , Daniel Zuckerman