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Driver models play a vital role in developing and verifying autonomous vehicles (AVs). Previously, they are mainly applied in traffic flow simulation to model driver behavior. With the development of AVs, driver models attract much…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Cheng Wang , Fengwei Guo , Ruilin Yu , Luyao Wang , Yuxin Zhang

The risen complexity of automotive systems requires new development strategies and methods to master the upcoming challenges. Traditional methods need thus to be changed by an increased level of automation, and a faster continuous…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Romina Eramo , Hamzeh Eyal Salman , Matteo Spezialetti , Darko Stern , Pierre Quinton , Antonio Cicchetti

The generation of corner cases has become increasingly crucial for efficiently testing autonomous vehicles prior to road deployment. However, existing methods struggle to accommodate diverse testing requirements and often lack the ability…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Qiujing Lu , Xuanhan Wang , Yiwei Jiang , Guangming Zhao , Mingyue Ma , Shuo Feng

Intrinsically, driving is a Markov Decision Process which suits well the reinforcement learning paradigm. In this paper, we propose a novel agent which learns to drive a vehicle without any human assistance. We use the concept of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-04-30 Shashank Kotyan , Danilo Vasconcellos Vargas , Venkanna U

Automatic test generation aims to save developers time and effort by producing test suites with reasonably high coverage and fault detection. However, the focus of search-based generation tools in maximizing coverage leaves other…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Geraldine Galindo-Gutierrez

The development of artificial intelligence systems is transitioning from creating static, task-specific models to dynamic, agent-based systems capable of performing well in a wide range of applications. We propose an Interactive Agent…

Discovering hazardous scenarios is crucial in testing and further improving driving policies. However, conducting efficient driving policy testing faces two key challenges. On the one hand, the probability of naturally encountering…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Weilin Liu , Ye Mu , Chao Yu , Xuefei Ning , Zhong Cao , Yi Wu , Shuang Liang , Huazhong Yang , Yu Wang

To successfully launch automated vehicles into the consumer market, there must be credible proof that the vehicles will operate safely. However, finding a method to validate the vehicles' safe operation is a challenging problem. While…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-01-21 Markus Steimle , Nico Weber , Markus Maurer

Cyber-physical systems like autonomous vehicles are tested in simulation before deployment, using domain-specific programs for scenario specification. To aid the testing of autonomous vehicles in simulation, we design a natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Rimvydas Rubavicius , Antonio Valerio Miceli-Barone , Alex Lascarides , Subramanian Ramamoorthy

Scenario-based testing for automated driving systems (ADS) must be able to simulate traffic scenarios that rely on interactions with other vehicles. Although many languages for high-level scenario modelling have been proposed, they lack the…

Simulation-based testing has emerged as an essential tool for verifying and validating autonomous vehicles (AVs). However, contemporary methodologies, such as deterministic and imitation learning-based driver models, struggle to capture the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Cheng Wang , Lingxin Kong , Massimiliano Tamborski , Stefano V. Albrecht

AI agents are increasingly used to solve complex, multi-step tasks, but existing multi-agent frameworks remain brittle as workflows grow in scale and depth. Small errors at intermediate stages can propagate through agent interactions, while…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Andy Xu , Yu-Wing Tai

This study investigates the use of generative AI and multi-agent systems to provide automatic feedback in educational contexts, particularly for student constructed responses in science assessments. The research addresses a key gap in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Shuchen Guo , Ehsan Latif , Yifan Zhou , Xuan Huang , Xiaoming Zhai

Safety and mission performance validation of autonomous vehicles (AVs) is a major challenge. In this paper we describe a methodology for constructing and applying assertion checks to validate the behaviour of an AV operating either in…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-05-16 Christopher Harper , Greg Chance , Abanoub Ghobrial , Saquib Alam , Tony Pipe , Kerstin Eder

Classic evaluation methods of believable agents are time-consuming because they involve many human to judge agents. They are well suited to validate work on new believable behaviours models. However, during the implementation, numerous…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2010-09-03 Fabien Tencé , Cédric Buche

Multi-agent systems (MAS) decompose complex tasks and delegate subtasks to different large language model (LLM) agents and tools. Prior studies have reported the superior accuracy performance of MAS across diverse domains, enabled by…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Mingyan Gao , Yanzi Li , Banruo Liu , Yifan Yu , Phillip Wang , Ching-Yu Lin , Fan Lai

Simulation-based testing is widely used to assess the reliability of Autonomous Driving Systems (ADS), but its effectiveness is limited by the operational design domain (ODD) conditions available in such simulators. To address this…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Luciano Baresi , Davide Yi Xian Hu , Andrea Stocco , Paolo Tonella

Large language models (LLMs) have enabled remarkable advances in automated task-solving with multi-agent systems. However, most existing LLM-based multi-agent approaches rely on predefined agents to handle simple tasks, limiting the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Guangyao Chen , Siwei Dong , Yu Shu , Ge Zhang , Jaward Sesay , Börje F. Karlsson , Jie Fu , Yemin Shi

Simulation is an essential tool to develop and benchmark autonomous vehicle planning software in a safe and cost-effective manner. However, realistic simulation requires accurate modeling of nuanced and complex multi-agent interactive…

Connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) have attracted more and more attention recently. The fast actuation time allows them having the potential to promote the efficiency and safety of the whole transportation system. Due to technical…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-10-26 Tianyu Shi , Jiawei Wang , Yuankai Wu , Luis Miranda-Moreno , Lijun Sun