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We review some recent developments in the statistical mechanics of isolated quantum systems. We provide a brief introduction to quantum thermalization, paying particular attention to the `Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis' (ETH), and the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-04-07 Rahul Nandkishore , David A. Huse

The nature of the dynamical quantum phase transition between the many-body localized (MBL) phase and the thermal phase remains an open question, and one line of attack on this problem is to explore this transition numerically in finite-size…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2016-12-21 Liangsheng Zhang , Vedika Khemani , David A. Huse

Disordered quantum systems undergoing a many-body localization (MBL) transition fail to reach thermal equilibrium under their own dynamics. Distinguishing between asymptotically localized or delocalized dynamics based on numerical results…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-06-28 Jonas Richter , Arijeet Pal

Many-body localization (MBL) hinders the thermalization of quantum many-body systems in the presence of strong disorder. In this work, we study the MBL regime in bond-disordered spin-1/2 XXZ spin chain, finding the multimodal distribution…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-02-12 Adith Sai Aramthottil , Piotr Sierant , Maciej Lewenstein , Jakub Zakrzewski

The connection between entanglement dynamics and non-equilibrium statistics in isolated many-body quantum systems has been established both theoretically and experimentally. Many-Body Localization (MBL), a phenomenon where interacting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-04 Peyman Azodi , Herschel A. Rabitz

An interacting quantum system that is subject to disorder may cease to thermalize due to localization of its constituents, thereby marking the breakdown of thermodynamics. The key to our understanding of this phenomenon lies in the system's…

Thermalization is a ubiquitous process of statistical physics, in which details of few-body observables are washed out in favor of a featureless steady state. Even in isolated quantum many-body systems, limited to reversible dynamics,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-19 W. Morong , F. Liu , P. Becker , K. S. Collins , L. Feng , A. Kyprianidis , G. Pagano , T. You , A. V. Gorshkov , C. Monroe

Recently it has been suggested that many-body localization (MBL) can occur in translation-invariant systems, and candidate 1D models have been proposed. We find that such models, in contrast to MBL systems with quenched disorder, typically…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-08-08 Z. Papic , E. M. Stoudenmire , Dmitry A. Abanin

We numerically explore the many body localization (MBL) transition through the lens of the {\it entanglement spectrum}. While a direct transition from localization to thermalization is believed to obtain in the thermodynamic limit (the…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2017-11-17 Scott D. Geraedts , Nicolas Regnault , Rahul M. Nandkishore

The transition from a many-body localized phase to a thermalizing one is a dynamical quantum phase transition which lies outside the framework of equilibrium statistical mechanics. We provide a detailed study of the critical properties of…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2017-04-27 Vedika Khemani , S. P. Lim , D. N. Sheng , David A. Huse

Many-body-localized (MBL) systems do not thermalize under their intrinsic dynamics. The athermality of MBL, we propose, can be harnessed for thermodynamic tasks. We illustrate this ability by formulating an Otto engine cycle for a quantum…

Deriving conditions under which a macroscopic system thermalizes directly from the underlying quantum many-body dynamics of its microscopic constituents is a long-standing challenge in theoretical physics. The well-known eigenstate…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-02-02 Lennart Dabelow , Patrick Vorndamme , Peter Reimann

One fundamental assumption in statistical physics is that generic closed quantum many-body systems thermalize under their own dynamics. Recently, the emergence of many-body localized systems has questioned this concept, challenging our…

Many-body localized (MBL) systems fail to reach thermal equilibrium under their own dynamics, even though they are interacting, nonintegrable, and in an extensively excited state. One instability towards thermalization of MBL systems is the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-06-27 Hyunsoo Ha , Alan Morningstar , David A. Huse

It is known that strong disorder in closed quantum systems leads to many-body localization (MBL), and that this quantum phase can be destroyed by coupling to an infinitely large Markovian environment. However, the stability of the MBL phase…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2023-07-07 Shao-Hen Chiew , Jiangbin Gong , Leong-Chuan Kwek , Chee-Kong Lee

The last decade has witnessed the remarkable progress in our understanding of thermalization in isolated quantum systems. Combining the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis with quantum measurement theory, we extend the framework of quantum…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-10-31 Yuto Ashida , Keiji Saito , Masahito Ueda

We use thermalization indicators and numerical linked cluster expansions to probe the onset of many-body localization in a disordered one-dimensional hard-core boson model in the thermodynamic limit. We show that after equilibration…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-04-24 Baoming Tang , Deepak Iyer , Marcos Rigol

The recent discovery that for large Hilbert spaces, almost all (that is, typical) Hamiltonians have eigenstates that place small subsystems in thermal equilibrium, has shed much light on the origins of irreversibility and thermalization.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-03 Shawn Dubey , Luciano Silvestri , Justin Finn , Sai Vinjanampathy , Kurt Jacobs

Understanding how closed quantum systems dynamically approach thermal equilibrium presents a major unresolved problem in statistical physics. Generically, non-integrable quantum systems are expected to thermalize as they comply with the…

The law of statistical physics dictates that generic closed quantum many-body systems initialized in nonequilibrium will thermalize under their own dynamics. However, the emergence of many-body localization (MBL) owing to the interplay…