Related papers: Magnet system for the Quantum Electro-Mechanical M…
The ``Quantum Electro-Mechanical Metrology Suite'' (QEMMS) is being designed and built at the National Institute of Standards and Technology. It includes a Kibble balance, a Graphene quantum Hall resistance array and a Josephson voltage…
The magnet system is one of the key elements of a watt balance. For the new watt balance currently under construction at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, a permanent magnet system was chosen. We describe the detailed…
Permanent magnets with yokes are widely used in the watt and joule balances to measure the Planck constant for the forthcoming redefinition of the unit of mass, the kilogram. Recently, a permanent magnet system has been in consideration for…
The Kibble balance has become one of the major instruments for realizing the mass unit, the kilogram, in the revised international system of units (SI). Researchers at about a dozen national metrology institutes are actively working with…
Although the so-called magnetic geometrical factor, $Bl$, of a Kibble balance does not appear in the Kibble equations, it offers the precision link between electrical and mechanical quantities and furthers a quasi-quantum traceability path…
Tabletop version Kibble balances are a significant developing trend for mass realizations following the revised International System of Units. A key innovation through the miniaturization of the Kibble balance from a large-scale instrument…
The magnet system is an essential component of the Kibble balance, a device that is used to realize the unit of mass. It is the source of the magnetic flux, and its importance is captured in the geometric factor $Bl$. Ironically, the $Bl$…
This paper presents recent advances in the KBmini Kibble balance, a tabletop system for E2-accuracy mass calibration up to 1 kg. The $Bl(z)$ profile is characterized by manually setting the magnet at different vertical positions, and the…
Employing very simple electro-mechanical principles known from classical physics, the Kibble balance establishes a very precise and absolute link between quantum electrical standards and macroscopic mass or force measurements. The success…
The Kibble balance is a precision instrument for realizing the mass unit, the kilogram, in the new international system of units (SI). In recent years, an important trend for Kibble balance experiments is to go tabletop, in which the…
This article presents several design techniques to fabricate micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) using standard complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) processes. They were applied to fabricate high yield CMOS-MEMS shielded…
The magnet-moving measurement scheme in Kibble balances avoids displacing force-sensitive components, such as the weighing cell, and enables a broader magnetic profile measurement range during the velocity phase. However, this mechanism…
Access to quantum computing is steadily increasing each year as the speed advantage of quantum computers solidifies with the growing number of usable qubits. However, the inherent noise encountered when running these systems can lead to…
Researchers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST) have measured the value of the Planck constant to be $h =6.626\,069\,934(89)\times 10^{-34}\,$J$\,$s (relative standard uncertainty $13\times 10^{-9}$). The result is…
This manuscript presents the Quantum Finite Element Method (Q-FEM) developed for use in noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computers and employs the variational quantum linear solver (VQLS) algorithm. The proposed method leverages the…
Quantum magnetic field sensing is an important technology for material science and biology. Although experimental imperfections affect the sensitivity, repetitions of the measurements decrease the estimation uncertainty by a square root of…
The Kibble balance realizes the kilogram by linking mechanical and electrical quantities via a magnet system. In an improved BIPM-type magnet design by Tsinghua University, an open/close surface was incorporated, facilitating operation.…
The precise estimation of small parameters is a challenging problem in quantum metrology. Here, we introduce a protocol for accurately measuring weak magnetic fields using a two-level magnetometer, which is coupled to two (hot and cold)…
The UME Kibble balance project was initiated at the second half of 2014. During this period we have studied the theoretical aspects of Kibble balances in which an oscillating magnet generates AC Faraday voltage in a stationary coil and…
An exactly solvable model for a quantum measurement is discussed, that integrates quantum measurements with classical measurements. The z-component of a spin-1/2 test spin is measured with an apparatus, that itself consists of magnet of N…