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The geomagnetic field has undergone hundreds of polarity reversals over Earth's history, at a variable pace. In numerical models of Earth's core dynamics, reversals occur with increasing frequency when the convective forcing is increased…
Gaussian random fields have been one of the most popular tools for analyzing spatial data. However, many geophysical and environmental processes often display non-Gaussian characteristics. In this paper, we propose a new class of spatial…
In order to understand the influence of magnetic fields on the propagation properties of waves, as derived from different local helioseismology techniques, forward modeling of waves is required. Such calculations need a model in…
The ionosphere has been normally detected by traditional instruments, such as ionosonde, scatter radars, topside sounders onboard satellites and in situ rocket. However, most instruments are expensive and also restricted to either the…
From a mathematical perspective, the extraordinary properties of metamaterials are often reflected in the coefficients of the governing partial differential equations (PDEs). These coefficients may fall outside the assumptions of classical…
An important tool for the development of the next generation of extremely large telescopes (ELTs) is the Systems Engineering (SE). GMACS is the first-generation multi-object spectrograph working at visible wavelengths for the Giant Magellan…
We consider Backus's problem in geophysics. This consists in reconstructing a harmonic potential outside the Earth when the intensity of the related field is measured on the Earth's surface. Thus, the boundary condition is (severely)…
Accurate medium-range precipitation forecasting is crucial for hydrometeorological risk management and disaster mitigation, yet remains challenging for current numerical weather prediction (NWP) systems. Traditional ensemble systems such as…
Atomic interferometers have been studied as a promising device for precise sensing of external fields. Among various configurations, a particular configuration with a butterfly-shaped geometry has been designed to sensitively probe field…
Internal-external field separation is crucial for many aspects of geomagnetism, aiming at distinguishing contributions of the magnetic field generated within the Earth (or any other planet) from those produced in the exterior. When data is…
This paper highlights methods from geostatistics that are relevant to the interpretation, intercomparison, and synthesis of atmospheric model data, with a specific application to exoplanet atmospheric modeling. Climate models are…
Seismic data quality is vital to geophysical applications, so methods of data recovery, including denoising and interpolation, are common initial steps in the seismic data processing flow. We present a method to perform simultaneous…
A key challenge in future 6G Integrated Sensing and Communications (ISAC) networks is to define the angular operations of transmitter and receiver, i.e., the sampling task of the angular domains, to acquire information about the…
The advent of Wide Field Adaptive Optics (WFAO) systems marks the beginning of a new era in high spatial resolution imaging. The newly commissioned Gemini South Multi-Conjugate Adaptive Optics System (GeMS) combined with the infrared camera…
Complex field measurements are increasingly becoming the standard for state-of-the-art astronomical instrumentation. Complex field measurements have been used to characterize a suite of ground, airborne, and space-based heterodyne receiver…
Space weather events produce variations in the electric current in the Earth's magnetosphere and ionosphere. From these high altitude atmospheric regions, resulting geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) can lead to fluctuations in ground…
The surfaces of rotating stars serve as a window into their interiors, magnetic dynamos, and are important in other areas including exoplanet discovery and atmospheric characterization. While indirect techniques such as photometry and…
We discuss the particle-physics discovery potential of ground-based gravitational-wave interferometers. With the use of pulsed magnetic fields, current and future gravitational-wave interferometers could not only be utilized to observe…
Inversion techniques are widely used to reconstruct subsurface physical properties (e.g., velocity, conductivity) from surface-based geophysical measurements (e.g., seismic, electric/magnetic (EM) data). The problems are governed by partial…
Measuring field-aligned currents (FACs) using magnetic field observations provides a powerful means to probe the multi-scale interactions between the magnetosphere, ionosphere and thermosphere. In this study, we apply the curlometer…