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Soft materials have many important roles in animal locomotion and object manipulation. In robotic applications soft materials can store and release energy, absorb impacts, increase compliance and increase the range of possible shape…

Robotics · Computer Science 2015-09-28 Vishesh Vikas , Paul Templeton , Barry Trimmer

Many bioinspired robots mimic the rigid articulated joint structure of the human hand for grasping tasks, but experience high-frequency mechanical perturbations that can destabilize the system and negatively affect precision without a…

Classical rigid-bodied robotic systems are presented with proven success in theoretical development and industrial applications, are recently challenged by the emergence of soft robotics due to a growing need in physical human-robot…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Yaohui Chen , Sing Le , Qiao Chu Tan , Oscar Lau , Fang Wan , Chaoyang Song

The legged robots with variable stiffness actuators (VSAs) can achieve energy-efficient and versatile locomotion. However, equipping legged robots with VSAs in real-world application is usually restricted by (i) the redundant mechanical…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Lei Yu , Haizhou Zhao , Siying Qin , Gumin Jin , Yuqing Chen

For the majority of tasks performed by traditional serial robot arms, such as bin picking or pick and place, only two or three degrees of freedom (DOF) are required for motion; however, by augmenting the number of degrees of freedom,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-10-05 Angus B. Clark , Nicolas Rojas

This paper presents a study on the backstepping control of tendon-driven continuum robots for large deflections using the Cosserat rod model. Continuum robots are known for their flexibility and adaptability, making them suitable for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Rana Danesh , Farrokh Janabi-Sharifi

This study examines a biology-inspired approach of using reconfigurable articulation to reduce the control requirement for soft robotic arms. We construct a robotic arm by assembling Kresling origami modules that exhibit predictable…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-08-18 Joshua Kaufmann , Suyi Li

Modular Active Cell Robots (MACROs) are a design paradigm for modular robotic hardware that uses only two components, namely actuators and passive compliant joints. Under the MACRO approach, a large number of actuators and joints are…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Gaurav Singh , Ahsan Nawroj , Aaron M Dollar

Humanoid robots may require a degree of compliance at the joint level for improving efficiency, shock tolerance, and safe interaction with humans. The presence of joint elasticity, however, complexifies the design of balancing and walking…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-03-07 Gabriele Nava , Daniele Pucci , Francesco Nori

A multi-joint enabled robot requires extensive mathematical calculations to determine the end effector's position with respect to the other connective joints involved and their corresponding frames in a specific coordinate system. If a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Abid Shahriar

For assembly tasks, it is essential to firmly fix target parts and to accurately estimate their poses. Several rigid jigs for individual parts are frequently used in assembly factories to achieve precise and time-efficient product assembly.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Tatsuya Sakuma , Takuya Kiyokawa , Jun Takamatsu , Takahiro Wada , Tsukasa Ogasawara

Tails serve various functions in both robotics and biology, including expression, grasping, and defense. The vertebrate tails associated with these functions exhibit diverse patterns of vertebral lengths, but the precise mechanisms linking…

Aerial Manipulator Systems (AMS) have garnered significant interest for their utility in aerial operations. Nonetheless, challenges related to the manipulator's limited stiffness and the coupling disturbance with manipulator movement…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Quman Xu , Zhan Li , Hai Li , Xinghu Yu , Yipeng Yang

In the automated co-design of soft robots, precisely adapting the material stiffness field to task environments is crucial for unlocking their full physical potential. However, mainstream platforms (e.g., EvoGym) strictly discretize the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Le Shen , Kangyao Huang , Wentao Zhao , Huaping Liu

A novel semi-analytical method is proposed to develop the pseudo-rigid-body~(PRB) model of robots made of highly flexible members (HFM), such as flexures and continuum robots, with no limit on the degrees of freedom of the PRB model. The…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Amir Molaei , Amir G. Aghdam , Javad Dargahi

Exploration of confined spaces, such as pipelines and ducts, remains challenging for conventional rigid robots due to limited space, irregular geometry, and restricted access. Inspired by caterpillar locomotion and sensing, this paper…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Zhixian Hu , Yu She , Juan Wachs

Multi-legged elongate robots hold promise for maneuvering through complex environments. Prior work has demonstrated that reliable locomotion can be achieved using open-loop body undulation and foot placement on rugose terrain. However,…

Legged robots constructed from soft materials are commonly claimed to demonstrate safer, more robust environmental interactions than their rigid counterparts. However, this motivating feature of soft robots requires more rigorous…

Back injuries are the most prevalent work-related musculoskeletal disorders and represent a major cause of disability. Although innovations in wearable robots aim to alleviate this hazard, the majority of existing exoskeletons are obtrusive…

Mechanical non-reciprocity-manifested as asymmetric responses to opposing mechanical stimuli-has traditionally been achieved through intricate structural nonlinearities in metamaterials. However, continuum solids with inherent…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-11-17 Chang Xu , Shuaihu Wang , Hong Wang , Xu Liu , Zemin Liu , Yiqiu Zhao , Wenqi Hu , Qin Xu