Related papers: The proton radius: From a puzzle to precision
We propose a short summary of the present situation concerning the proton spin decomposition. We briefly discuss some of the main controversies about the issues of gauge invariance, uniqueness and measurability. As a conclusion, we argue…
Precise measurement of an atomic hydrogen transition resolves the proton size puzzle.
We review the current status of Parton Distribution Function (PDF) determinations for unpolarized and longitudinally polarized protons and for unpolarized nuclei, which are probed by high-energy hadronic scattering in perturbative Quantum…
In this paper, we propose several proton structure imagination scenarios based on classical string model. The radius and mass properties of protons in relativistic and non-relativistic cases are discussed, Contrary to asymptotic freedom, we…
We wish that this reply will initiate further examination on the currently-accepted formulation of electromagnetic radiation from an accelerated point charge. Further examination will at least clarify some ambiguities and misunderstanding…
The rms-radius $R$ of the proton charge distribution is a fundamental quantity needed for precision physics. This radius, traditionally determined from elastic electron-proton scattering via the slope of the Sachs form factor $G_e(q^2)$…
Nucleon structure is currently understood from a unified light-front, infinite-momentum-frame framework. The specific examples of the neutron transverse charge distribution and the shape of the proton are discussed here.
We discuss the tremendous progress that has been towards an understanding of how the spin of the proton is distributed on its quark and gluon constituents. This is a problem that began in earnest twenty years ago with the discovery of the…
On the basis of recent precise measurements of the electric form factor of the proton, the Zemach moments, needed as input parameters for the determination of the proton rms radius from the measurement of the Lamb shift in muonic hydrogen,…
We investigate the evolution of multiple parton chains in proton-proton scattering and show that interactions between different chains may become quite important.
We review the discovery of the neutrino and outline the history of neutrino physics. Many interesting phenomena involving the neutrino are exhibited. We also discuss the long-standing solar neutrino puzzle and the properties of the neutrino…
The deuteron charge radius is calculated from the measurement of the Lamb shift in muonic deuterium, taking into account the electron vacuum polarization correction to the nuclear-structure effects. This correction is unexpectedly large and…
We argue that the proton's charge-radius contributes differently to shifts of Hydrogen-like energy levels than naively expected due to an incorrect choice for the boundary condition at the proton's position in standard calculations. In…
The current status of the determination of corrections to the hyperfine splitting of the ground state in hydrogen is considered. Improved calculations are provided taking into account the most recent value for the proton charge radius.…
Under certain conditions the number of photons radiated classically by a charged particle following a prescribed trajectory can be finite. An interesting formula for this number is presented and discussed.
A new accurate evaluation of primordial light nuclei abundances is presented. The proton to neutron conversion rates have been corrected to take into account radiative effects, finite nucleon mass, thermal and plasma corrections. The…
High resolution spectroscopy of the hydrogen atom takes on particular importance in the new SI, as it allows to accurately determine fundamental constants, such as the Rydberg constant and the proton charge radius. Recently, the second most…
We review the current state of photon and dilepton measurements at RHIC, emphasizing that of the theoretical work seeking to interpret them. We highlight the progress made recently in the modelling of relativistic nuclear collisions, and…
To shed light on the deuteron radius puzzle we analyze the theoretical uncertainties of the nuclear structure corrections to the Lamb shift in muonic deuterium. We find that the discrepancy between the calculated two-photon exchange…
The transform considered in the paper integrates a function supported in the unit disk on the plane over all circles centered at the boundary of this disk. Such circular Radon transform arises in several contemporary imaging techniques, as…