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Related papers: Selfish Behavior in the Tezos Proof-of-Stake Proto…

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Self-stabilization is an excellent approach for adding fault tolerance to a distributed multi-agent system. However, two properties of self-stabilization theory, convergence and closure, may not be satisfied if agents are selfish. To…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-09-12 Amir Reza Ramtin , Don Towsley

We consider the issue of strategic behaviour in various peer-assessment tasks, including peer grading of exams or homeworks and peer review in hiring or promotions. When a peer-assessment task is competitive (e.g., when students are graded…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-10-09 Ivan Stelmakh , Nihar B. Shah , Aarti Singh

Proof-of-Work (PoW) is the most widely adopted incentive model in current blockchain systems, which unfortunately is energy inefficient. Proof-of-Stake (PoS) is then proposed to tackle the energy issue. The rich-get-richer concern of PoS…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Yuming Huang , Jing Tang , Qianhao Cong , Andrew Lim , Jianliang Xu

Given that Proof-of-Work (PoW) and Proof-of-Stake (PoS) are plutocratic, and other common consensus protocols are mostly permission-based, we look for a consensus protocol that will suit the needs of e-Democracy. In particular, what we need…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-08-03 Ouri Poupko , Nimrod Talmon

Isolation bugs, stemming especially from design-level defects, have been repeatedly found in carefully designed and extensively tested production databases over decades. In parallel, various frameworks for modeling database transactions and…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Shabnam Ghasemirad , Si Liu , Christoph Sprenger , Luca Multazzu , David Basin

This paper focuses on analyzing the free-riding behavior of self-interested users in online communities. Hence, traditional optimization methods for communities composed of compliant users such as network utility maximization cannot be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2011-08-30 Yu Zhang , Mihaela van der Schaar

Many business applications involve adversarial relationships in which both sides adapt their strategies to optimize their opposing benefits. One of the key characteristics of these applications is the wide range of strategies that an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-11-04 Daniel Borrajo , Manuela Veloso , Sameena Shah

We present a game-theoretic model for the spread of deviant behavior in online social networks. We utilize a two-strategy framework wherein each player's behavior is classified as normal or deviant and evolves according to the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2014-08-19 Sarah Rajtmajer , Christopher Griffin , Derek Mikesell , Anna Squicciarini

Social dilemmas exist in various fields and give rise to the so-called free-riding problem, leading to collective fiascos. The difficulty of tracking individual behaviors makes egoistic incentives in large-scale systems a challenging task.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-01-09 Shengling Wang , Peizi Ma , Qin Hu , Xiuzhen Cheng , Weifeng Lv

Our work focuses on the design of a scalable permissionless blockchain in the proof-of-stake setting. In particular, we use a distributed hash table as a building block to set up randomized shards, and then leverage the sharded architecture…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-07-12 Antoine Durand , Emmanuelle Anceaume , Romaric Ludinard

This work mainly addresses continuous-time multiagent consensus networks where an adverse attacker affects the convergence performances of said protocol. In particular, we develop a novel secure-by-design approach in which the presence of a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-30 Marco Fabris , Daniel Zelazo

This study examines the application of adversarial attack concepts to control the evolution of cooperation in the prisoner's dilemma game in complex networks. Specifically, it proposes a simple adversarial attack method that drives players'…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-11-13 Kazuhiro Takemoto

Telephony Denial of Service (TDoS) attacks target telephony services, such as Voice over IP (VoIP), not allowing legitimate users to make calls. There are few defenses that attempt to mitigate TDoS attacks, most of them using IP filtering,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2017-09-14 Marcilio O. O. Lemos , Yuri Gil Dantas , Iguatemi E. Fonseca , Vivek Nigam

Debiasing methods that seek to mitigate the tendency of Language Models (LMs) to occasionally output toxic or inappropriate text have recently gained traction. In this paper, we propose a standardized protocol which distinguishes methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Robert Morabito , Jad Kabbara , Ali Emami

In blockchain systems, especially cryptographic currencies such as Bitcoin, the double-spending and Byzantine-general-like problem are solved by reaching consensus protocols among all nodes. The state-of-the-art protocols include…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-08-02 Jianwen Chen , Kai Duan , Rumin Zhang , Liaoyuan Zeng , Wenyi Wang

The consensus protocol is the core of a blockchain system which guarantees its secure and stable operation. Proof of Activity (PoA) is a consensus protocol that tries to address some of the issues pertinent to the most widely used…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Sina Kamali , Shayan Shabihi , Mohammad Taha Fakharian , Alireza Arbabi , Pouriya Tajmehrabi , Mohammad Saadati , Behnam Bahrak

Proof-of-stake blockchain protocols are becoming one of the most promising alternatives to the energy-consuming proof-of-work protocols. However, one particularly critical threat in the PoS setting is the well-known long-range attacks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-10-16 Xinyu Li , Jing Xu , Xiong Fan , Yuchen Wang , Zhenfeng Zhang

After a general introduction, the thesis is divided into four parts. In the first, we discuss the task of coin tossing, principally in order to highlight the effect different physical theories have on security in a straightforward manner,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-03-02 Roger Colbeck

TrueBit is a protocol that uses interactive verification to allow a resource-constrained computation environment like a blockchain to perform much larger computations than usual in a trusted way. As long as a single honest participant is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-07-02 Julia Koch , Christian Reitwiessner

In a blockchain system, consensus protocol as an incentive and security mechanism, is to ensure the participants to build the block honestly and effectively. There are different consensus protocols for blockchain, like Proof of work (PoW),…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-03-25 Zhongli Dong , Young Choon Lee , Albert Y. Zomaya