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We present a detailed motivation for and definition of the contextual values of an observable, which were introduced by Dressel et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 104 240401 (2010)]. The theory of contextual values extends the well-established theory…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-02-29 J. Dressel , A. N. Jordan

Despite claims that Bell's inequalities are based on the Einstein locality condition, or equivalent, all derivations make an identical mathematical assumption: that local hidden-variable theories produce a set of positive-definite…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Tony Rothman , E. C. G. Sudarshan

In the book [4] the general problem of reconstructing the Hilbert space formulation in quantum theory is discussed from the point of view of what I called conceptual variables, any variables defined by a person or by a group of persons.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-01 Inge S. Helland

The challenge of understanding quantum measurement persists as a fundamental issue in modern physics. Particularly, the abrupt and energy-non-conserving collapse of the wave function appears to contradict classical thermodynamic laws. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-10 Sophie Engineer , Tom Rivlin , Sabine Wollmann , Mehul Malik , Maximilian P. E. Lock

According to a number of arguments in quantum gravity, both model-dependent and model-independent, Heisenberg's uncertainty principle is modified when approaching the Planck scale. This deformation is attributed to the existence of a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-10-30 Pasquale Bosso , Giuseppe Gaetano Luciano , Luciano Petruzziello , Fabian Wagner

The aim of this paper is to analyze the reconstructability of quantum mechanics from classical conditional probabilities representing measurement outcomes conditioned on measurement choices. We will investigate how the quantum mechanical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-06-13 Gábor Hofer-Szabó

We analyze the estimation of a time dependent perturbation acting on a continuously monitored quantum system. We describe the temporal fluctuations of the perturbation by a Hidden Markov Model, and we combine quantum measurement theory and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-08 Claus Normann Madsen , Lia Valdetaro , Klaus Mølmer

Inferential challenges that arise when data are censored have been extensively studied under the classical frameworks. In this paper, we provide an alternative generalized inferential model approach whose output is a data-dependent…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-11-16 Joyce Cahoon , Ryan Martin

Every measurement determines a single value as its outcome, and yet quantum mechanics predicts it only probabilistically. The Kochen-Specker theorem and Bell's inequality are often considered to reject a realist view but favor a skeptical…

General Physics · Physics 2025-10-30 Masanao Ozawa

Quantum information-theoretic approach has been identified as a way to understand the foundations of quantum mechanics as early as 1950 due to Shannon. However there hasn't been enough advancement or rigorous development of the subject. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-04 Shubhayan Sarkar

The preparation procedure, an undefined notion in quantum theory, has not had the relevance that it deserves in the interpretation of quantum mechanical formalism. Here we utilize the concepts of identical and similar preparation procedures…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-04-23 M. Ferrero , V. Gómez-Pin , D. Salgado , J. L. Sánchez-Gómez

A geometric framework for quantum statistical estimation is used to establish a series of higher order corrections to the Heisenberg uncertainty relations associated with pairs of canonically conjugate variables. These corrections can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Dorje C. Brody , Lane P. Hughston

New estimators for the mean and the covariance function for partially observed functional data are proposed using a detour via the fundamental theorem of calculus. The new estimators allow for a consistent estimation of the mean and…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-08-01 Dominik Liebl , Stefan Rameseder

I introduce a framework to distinguish two domains of physics - the manifest (i.e. the directly observable empirical records in terms of manifest configurations) and the non-manifest domain of physics (i.e. the things that the manifest…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-13 Johannes Fankhauser

State-space smoothing has found many applications in science and engineering. Under linear and Gaussian assumptions, smoothed estimates can be obtained using efficient recursions, for example Rauch-Tung-Striebel and Mayne-Fraser algorithms.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-09-27 A. Y. Aravkin , J. V. Burke , L. Ljung , A. Lozano , G. Pillonetto

A history of the discovery of quantum mechanics and paradoxes of its interpretation is reconsidered from the modern point of view of quantum stochastics and information. It is argued that in the orthodox quantum mechanics there is no place…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 V. P. Belavkin

Projective quantum measurement is a theoretically accepted process in modern quantum mechanics. However, its projection hypothesis is widely regarded as an experimentally established empirical law. In this paper, we combine a previous…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-03 Eiji Konishi

Inferential models have been proposed for valid and efficient prior-free probabilistic inference. As it gradually gained popularity, this theory is subject to further developments for practically challenging problems. This paper considers…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-04-15 Jiasen Yang , Xiao Wang , Chuanhai Liu

Quantum retrodiction is a time-symmetric approach to quantum mechanics with applications in a number of important problems. One of the major challenges to its more widespread applicability is the restriction of its symmetric formalism to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-30 Dov Fields , Abdelali Sajia , János A. Bergou

A quantum probability measure is a function on a sigma-algebra of subsets of a (locally compact and Hausdorff) sample space that satisfies the formal requirements for a measure, but whose values are positive operators acting on a complex…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-06-03 Douglas Farenick , Michael J. Kozdron