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The no-masking theorem for quantum information proves that it is impossible to encode an arbitrary input state into a larger bipartite entangled state such that the full information is stored in the correlation but the individual subsystems…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-19 Swapnil Bhowmick , Abhay Srivastav , Arun Kumar Pati

The no-masking theorem (Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 230501 (2018)) claims that arbitrary quantum states cannot be masked. Based on this result, the authors further suggested that qubit commitment is not possible. Here we show that this connection…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-24 Guang Ping He

Masking of quantum information is a way of hiding information in correlations such that no information is accessible to any local observer. Although the set of all quantum states as a whole cannot be masked into bipartite correlations…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-01 Rui-Qi Zhang , Zhibo Hou , Zihao Li , Huangjun Zhu , Guo-Yong Xiang , Chuan-Feng Li , Guang-Can Guo

Classical information encoded in composite quantum states can be completely hidden from the reduced subsystems and may be found only in the correlations. Can the same be true for quantum information? If quantum information is hidden from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-14 Kavan Modi , Arun Kumar Pati , Aditi Sen De , Ujjwal Sen

Masking of data is a method to protect information by shielding it from a third party, however keeping it usable for further usages like application development, building program extensions to name a few. Whereas it is possible for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-03 Tamal Ghosh , Soumya Sarkar , Bikash K. Behera , Prasanta K. Panigrahi

The no-masking theorem says that masking quantum information is impossible in a bipartite scenario. However, there exist schemes to mask quantum states in multipartite systems. In this work, we show that, the joint measurement in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-22 Wei-Min Shang , Fu-Lin Zhang , Jing-Ling Chen

Recently, Kavan Modi \emph{et al.} found that masking quantum information is impossible in bipartite scenario in [Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{120}, 230501 (2018)]. This adds another item of the no-go theorems. In this paper, we present some…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-02-27 Mao-Sheng Li , Yan-Ling Wang

Masking of quantum information means that information is hidden from a subsystem and spread over a composite system. Modi et al. proved in [Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 230501 (2018)] that this is true for some restricted sets of nonorthogonal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-01 Huaixin Cao , Yuxing Du , Zhihua Guo , Kanyuan Han , Chuan Yang

Masking quantum information, which is impossible without randomness as a resource, is a task that encodes quantum information into bipartite quantum state while forbidding local parties from accessing to that information. In this work, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-20 Seok Hyung Lie , Hyunseok Jeong

Masking information into quantum correlations is a cornerstone of many quantum information applications. While there exist the no-hiding and no-masking theorems, approximate quantum information masking (AQIM) offers a promising means of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-28 Xiaodi Li , Xinyang Shu , Huangjun Zhu

Classical information can be completely hidden in the correlations of bipartite quantum systems. However, it is impossible to hide or mask all quantum information according to the no-hiding and no-masking theorems derived recently. Here we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-05 Huangjun Zhu

Masking of quantum information spreads it over nonlocal correlations and hides it from the subsystems. It is known that no operation can simultaneously mask all pure states [Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 230501 (2018)], so in what sense is quantum…

We study the quantum information masking based on isometric linear operators that distribute the information encoded in pure states to the correlations in bipartite states. It is shown that a isometric linear operator can not mask any…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-23 Xiao-Bin Liang , Bo Li , Shao-Ming Fei , Heng Fan

The superposition principle is fundamental to quantum theory. Yet a recent no-go theorem has proved that quantum theory forbids superposition of unknown quantum states, even with nonzero probability. The implications of this result,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-25 Somshubhro Bandyopadhyay

Quantum information masking is a protocol that hides the original quantum information from subsystems and spreads it over quantum correlation, which is available to multipartite except bipartite systems. In this work, we explicitly study…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-22 Wei-Min Shang , Xing-Yan Fan , Fu-Lin Zhang , Jing-Ling Chen

A generalization of quantum broadcasting protocol is presented. Here the goal is to copy an unknown input state into two subsystems which partially overlap. We show that the possibility of implementing these protocols strongly depends upon…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-07-10 V. Giovannetti , A. S. Holevo

Masking information is a protocol that encodes quantum information into a bipartite entangled state while the information is completely unknown to local systems. This paper explicitly studies the structure of the set of maskable states and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-16 Feng Ding , Xueyuan Hu

The no-broadcasting theorem, a fundamental limitation on the communication of quantum information, holds that a physical process cannot broadcast copies of an unknown quantum state to two or more receivers. Recent work has explored ways of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-23 Matthew Simon Tan , Davit Aghamalyan , Varun Narasimhachar

Since masking of quantum information was introduced by Modi et al. in [PRL 120, 230501 (2018)], many discussions on this topic have been published. In this paper, we consider relationship between quantum multipartite maskers (QMMs) and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-22 Huaixin Cao , Yuxing Du , Zhihua Guo , Kanyuan Han , Chuan Yan

No-broadcasting theorem is one of the most fundamental results in quantum information theory; it guarantees that the simplest attacks on any quantum protocol, based on eavesdropping and copying of quantum information, are impossible. Due to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-12 Teiko Heinosaari , Anna Jenčová , Martin Plávala
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