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Climate models play a critical role in understanding and projecting climate change. Due to their complexity, their horizontal resolution of about 40-100 km remains too coarse to resolve processes such as clouds and convection, which need to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Birgit Kühbacher , Fernando Iglesias-Suarez , Niki Kilbertus , Veronika Eyring

A conditional latent-diffusion based framework for solving the electromagnetic inverse scattering problem associated with microwave imaging is introduced. This generative machine-learning model explicitly mirrors the non-uniqueness of the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-30 Shirin Chehelgami , Joe LoVetri , Vahab Khoshdel

Supervised machine learning involves approximating an unknown functional relationship from a limited dataset of features and corresponding labels. The classical approach to feature-based machine learning typically relies on applying linear…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-04-25 Margherita Lampani , Sabrina Guastavino , Michele Piana , Federico Benvenuto

Modeling stiff partial differential equations (PDEs) with sharp gradients remains a significant challenge for scientific machine learning. While Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) struggle with spectral bias and slow training times,…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Akshay Govind Srinivasan , Balaji Srinivasan

Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) have long been recognized as powerful tools for image processing and analysis, providing a framework to model and exploit structural and geometric properties inherent in visual data. Over the years,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-17 Alejandro Garnung Menéndez

Solving time-dependent Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) using a densely discretized spatial domain is a fundamental problem in various scientific and engineering disciplines, including modeling climate phenomena and fluid dynamics.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Jan Hagnberger , Daniel Musekamp , Mathias Niepert

Complex physical systems are often described by partial differential equations (PDEs) that depend on parameters such as the Reynolds number in fluid mechanics. In applications such as design optimization or uncertainty quantification,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Woojin Cho , Minju Jo , Haksoo Lim , Kookjin Lee , Dongeun Lee , Sanghyun Hong , Noseong Park

In an ever-increasing interest for Machine Learning (ML) and a favorable data development context, we here propose an original methodology for data-based prediction of two-dimensional physical fields. Polynomial Chaos Expansion (PCE),…

Computational Physics · Physics 2021-02-03 Rem-Sophia Mouradi , Cédric Goeury , Olivier Thual , Fabrice Zaoui , Pablo Tassi

The data-driven discovery of partial differential equations (PDEs) consistent with spatiotemporal data is experiencing a rebirth in machine learning research. Training deep neural networks to learn such data-driven partial differential…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-11-10 Hassan Arbabi , Judith E. Bunder , Giovanni Samaey , Anthony J. Roberts , Ioannis G. Kevrekidis

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) as a means of discretizing partial differential equations (PDEs) are garnering much attention in the Computational Science and Engineering (CS&E) world. At least two challenges exist for PINNs at…

Computational Physics · Physics 2023-01-23 Michael Penwarden , Shandian Zhe , Akil Narayan , Robert M. Kirby

Wide accessibility of imaging and profile sensors in modern industrial systems created an abundance of high-dimensional sensing variables. This led to a a growing interest in the research of high-dimensional process monitoring. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-15 Nurettin Sergin , Hao Yan

In many scientific settings, acquiring complete observations of PDE coefficients and solutions can be expensive, hazardous, or impossible. Recent diffusion-based methods can reconstruct fields given partial observations, but require…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Harris Abdul Majid , Giannis Daras , Francesco Tudisco , Steven McDonagh

(Partial) differential equations (PDEs) are fundamental tools for describing natural phenomena, making their solution crucial in science and engineering. While traditional methods, such as the finite element method, provide reliable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Viggo Moro , Luiz F. O. Chamon

We compare three random field discretization strategies for probabilistic identification of spatially varying material parameters in high-resolution finite element models. These strategies are (i) the Karhunen-Lo\`eve expansion, (ii) a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-08 Pieter Vanmechelen , Geert Lombaert , Giovanni Samaey

We present an orthogonal expansion for real, function-regulated, second-order random measures over $\mathbb{R}^{d}$ with measure covariance. Such a expansion, which can be seen as a Karhunen-Lo\`eve decomposition, consists in a series of…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-06-23 Ricardo Carrizo Vergara

Modeling complex spatiotemporal dynamical systems, such as the reaction-diffusion processes, have largely relied on partial differential equations (PDEs). However, due to insufficient prior knowledge on some under-explored dynamical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Chengping Rao , Pu Ren , Qi Wang , Oral Buyukozturk , Hao Sun , Yang Liu

In this work, we explore the theoretical properties of conditional deep generative models under the statistical framework of distribution regression where the response variable lies in a high-dimensional ambient space but concentrates…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-02 Shivam Kumar , Yun Yang , Lizhen Lin

I provide an introduction to the application of deep learning and neural networks for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). The approach, known as physics-informed neural networks (PINNs), involves minimizing the residual of the…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-03-04 Hubert Baty

Modelling partial differential equations (PDEs) is of crucial importance in science and engineering, and it includes tasks ranging from forecasting to inverse problems, such as data assimilation. However, most previous numerical and machine…

Mixed membership models, or partial membership models, are a flexible unsupervised learning method that allows each observation to belong to multiple clusters. In this paper, we propose a Bayesian mixed membership model for functional data.…