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We use a conditional Karhunen-Lo\`eve (KL) model to quantify and reduce uncertainty in a stochastic partial differential equation (SPDE) problem with partially-known space-dependent coefficient, $Y(x)$. We assume that a small number of…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-08-26 Ramakrishna Tipireddy , David A Barajas-Solano , Alexandre M. Tartakovsky

We propose a methodology for improving the accuracy of surrogate models of the observable response of physical systems as a function of the systems' spatially heterogeneous parameter fields with applications to uncertainty quantification…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Yu-Hong Yeung , Ramakrishna Tipireddy , David A. Barajas-Solano , Alexandre M. Tartakovsky

This article provides a primer on the spectral representation of random fields via the Karhunen-Lo\`eve Expansion (KLE). The goal is to bridge the gap between the theoretical foundations of the KLE and its application in computational…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-12 Alen Alexanderian

The Karhunen-Lo\`eve Expansion (KLE) of a stochastic process is a well understood eigenfunction expansion used widely in time series analysis, stochastic PDEs, and signal processing. Karhunen-Lo\`eve expansions have also been proven to…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-15 Trajan Murphy

We propose a methodology that combines generative latent diffusion models with physics-informed machine learning to generate solutions of parametric partial differential equations (PDEs) conditioned on partial observations, which includes,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Davide Gallon , Philippe von Wurstemberger , Patrick Cheridito , Arnulf Jentzen

Karhunen-Loeve expansions (KLE) of stochastic processes are important tools in mathematics, the sciences, economics, and engineering. However, the KLE is primarily useful for those processes for which we can identify the necessary…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-03-03 Daniel Hackmann

This report examines numerical aspects of constructing Karhunen-Lo\`{e}ve expansions (KLEs) for second-order stochastic processes. The KLE relies on the spectral decomposition of the covariance operator via the Fredholm integral equation of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-20 Cosmin Safta , Habib N. Najm

We present a bifidelity Karhunen-Lo\`eve expansion (KLE) surrogate model for field-valued quantities of interest (QoIs) under uncertain inputs. The approach combines the spectral efficiency of the KLE with polynomial chaos expansions (PCEs)…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-07 Aniket Jivani , Cosmin Safta , Beckett Y. Zhou , Xun Huan

We develop a physics-informed machine learning approach for large-scale data assimilation and parameter estimation and apply it for estimating transmissivity and hydraulic head in the two-dimensional steady-state subsurface flow model of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Yu-Hong Yeung , David A. Barajas-Solano , Alexandre M. Tartakovsky

We consider biotransport in tumors with uncertain heterogeneous material properties. Specifically, we focus on the elliptic partial differential equation (PDE) modeling the pressure field inside the tumor. The permeability field is modeled…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-03-18 Alen Alexanderian , William Reese , Ralph C. Smith , Meilin Yu

The Karhunen-Lo\`{e}ve (KL) expansion is a popular method for approximating random fields by transforming an infinite-dimensional stochastic domain into a finite-dimensional parameter space. Its numerical approximation is of central…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-08-02 Michael Griebel , Guanglian Li

This paper deals with the study, from a probabilistic point of view, of logistic-type differential equations with uncertainties. We assume that the initial condition is a random variable and the diffusion coefficient is a stochastic…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-01-31 J. -C. Cortés , A. Navarro-Quiles , J. -V. Romero , M. -D. Roselló

Physics-informed Machine Learning has recently become attractive for learning physical parameters and features from simulation and observation data. However, most existing methods do not ensure that the physics, such as balance laws (e.g.,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-09-10 Satish Karra , Bulbul Ahmmed , Maruti K. Mudunuru

Physics-informed machine learning typically integrates physical priors into the learning process by minimizing a loss function that includes both a data-driven term and a partial differential equation (PDE) regularization. Building on the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-23 Nathan Doumèche , Francis Bach , Gérard Biau , Claire Boyer

In this paper, we develop a class of interacting particle Langevin algorithms to solve inverse problems for partial differential equations (PDEs). In particular, we leverage the statistical finite elements (statFEM) formulation to obtain a…

We introduce and analyze a method of learning-informed parameter identification for partial differential equations (PDEs) in an all-at-once framework. The underlying PDE model is formulated in a rather general setting with three unknowns:…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-08-25 Christian Aarset , Martin Holler , Tram Thi Ngoc Nguyen

Physics-informed machine learning (PIML) integrates partial differential equations (PDEs) into machine learning models to solve inverse problems, such as estimating coefficient functions (e.g., the Hamiltonian function) that characterize…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-11-07 Yoh-ichi Mototake , Makoto Sasaki

Inferring parameters of high-dimensional partial differential equations (PDEs) poses significant computational and inferential challenges, primarily due to the curse of dimensionality and the inherent limitations of traditional numerical…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Weihao Yan , Christoph Brune , Mengwu Guo

In many Bayesian inverse problems the goal is to recover a spatially varying random field. Such problems are often computationally challenging especially when the forward model is governed by complex partial differential equations (PDEs).…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-11-09 Zhihang Xu , Qifeng Liao , Jinglai Li

We present a physics informed deep neural network (DNN) method for estimating parameters and unknown physics (constitutive relationships) in partial differential equation (PDE) models. We use PDEs in addition to measurements to train DNNs…

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