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Star clusters stand at the intersection of much of modern astrophysics: the interstellar medium, gravitational dynamics, stellar evolution, and cosmology. Here we review observations and theoretical models for the formation, evolution, and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-09-11 Mark R. Krumholz , Christopher F. McKee , Joss Bland-Hawthorn

Star formation in the central molecular zone (CMZ) is suppressed with respect to that of the Galactic disk, and this is likely related to its high turbulent environment. This turbulence impedes the potential detection of prestellar cores.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-09-02 L. Colzi , J. Martín-Pintado , S. Zeng , I. Jiménez-Serra , V. M. Rivilla , M. Sanz-Novo , S. Martín , Q. Zhang , X. Lu

The Central Molecular Zone (CMZ) of our Galaxy hosts an extreme environment analogous to that found in typical starburst galaxies in the distant universe. In order to understand dust properties in environments like our CMZ, we present…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-07-07 Yuping Tang , Q. Daniel Wang , Grant W. Wilson

The morphology of gas-rich disc galaxies at redshift ~1-3 is dominated by a few massive clumps. The process of formation or assembly of these clumps and their relation to molecular clouds in contemporary spiral galaxies are still unknown.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-09-22 Florent Renaud , Alessandro B. Romeo , Oscar Agertz

Intergalactic filaments form the foundation of the cosmic web that connect galaxies together, and provide an important reservoir of gas for galaxy growth and accretion. Here we present very high resolution two-dimensional simulations of the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 William J Gray , Evan Scannapieco

Cosmic rays (CRs) are the primary driver of ionization in star forming molecular clouds (MCs). Despite their potential impacts on gas dynamics and chemistry, no simulations of star cluster formation following the creation of individual…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-07-26 Margot Fitz Axen , Stella Offner , Phillip F. Hopkins , Mark R. Krumholz , Michael Y. Grudic

We demonstrate that the high pressure of the hot intracluster medium (ICM) can trigger the collapse of molecular clouds in a spiral galaxy, leading to a burst of star formation in the clouds. Our hydrodynamical simulations show that the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Kenji Bekki , Warrick J. Couch

We describe an overall picture of galactic-scale star formation. Recent high-resolution magneto-hydrodynamical simulations of two-fluid dynamics with cooling/heating and thermal conduction have shown that the formation of molecular clouds…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-07-29 Shu-ichiro Inutsuka , Tsuyoshi Inoue , Kazunari Iwasaki , Takashi Hosokawa

The molecular component of the Galaxy is comprised of turbulent, magnetized clouds, many of which are self-gravitating and form stars. To understand how these clouds' evolution may depend on their level of turbulence, mean magnetization,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Eve C. Ostriker , Charles F. Gammie , James M. Stone

We present semi-analytic dynamical models for giant molecular clouds evolving under the influence of HII regions launched by newborn star clusters. In contrast to previous work, we neither assume that clouds are in virial or energetic…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Mark R. Krumholz , Christopher D. Matzner , Christopher F. McKee

(Abridged) The formation of molecular clouds (MCs) from the diffuse interstellar gas appears to be a necessary step for star formation, as young stars invariably occur within them. However, the mechanisms controlling the formation of MCs…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-11-26 P. Hennebelle , M. -M. Mac Low , E. Vazquez-Semadeni

Galaxies are part of a vast cosmic ecosystem, embedded in an extensive gaseous reservoir that regulates their growth by providing the necessary fuel for star formation while preserving a fossil record of past interactions, outflows, and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-12-17 Hsiao-Wen Chen , Fakhri S. Zahedy

In this work, we trace the complete life cycle of individual GMCs in high-resolution Milky Way-mass galaxy simulations to determine how different stellar feedback mechanisms and galactic-scale processes govern cloud lifetimes, mass…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-07-22 Yang Ni , Hui Li , Mark Vogelsberger , Laura V. Sales , Federico Marinacci , Paul Torrey

The evolution of radiation emitted during the dynamical collapse of metal-free protostellar clouds is investigated within a spherically symmetric hydrodynamical scheme that includes the transfer of radiation and the chemistry of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Emanuele Ripamonti , Francesco Haardt , Andrea Ferrara , Monica Colpi

The formation of stars is inextricably linked to the structure of their parental molecular clouds. Here we take a number of nearby giant molecular clouds (GMCs) and analyse their column density and mass distributions. This investigation is…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-18 D. Froebrich , J. Rowles

A brief overview of recent advances in the study of star formation in the Galactic Center (GC) environment is presented. Particular attention is paid to new insights concerning the suppression of star formation in GC molecular clouds.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-12-06 Jens Kauffmann

In nearby star-forming clouds, amplification and dissipation of the magnetic field are known to play crucial roles in the star-formation process. The star-forming environment varies from place to place and era to era in galaxies. In the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-01-24 Koki Higuchi , Masahiro N. Machida , Hajime Susa

Observations of both star-forming regions and young, gas-free stellar associations indicate that most nearby molecular clouds form stars only over a short time span before dispersal; large-scale flows in the diffuse interstellar medium have…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Lee Hartmann , Javier Ballesteros-Paredes , Edwin A. Bergin

Dense, star-forming gas is believed to form at the stagnation points of large-scale ISM flows, but observational examples of this process in action are rare. We here present a giant molecular cloud (GMC) sandwiched between two colliding…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-23 J. R. Dawson , E. Ntormousi , Y. Fukui , T. Hayakawa , K. Fierlinger