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While machine learning (ML) post-processing of convection-allowing model (CAM) output for severe weather hazards (large hail, damaging winds, and/or tornadoes) has shown promise for very short lead times (0-3 hours), its application to…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-03-24 Montgomery Flora , Samuel Varga , Corey Potvin , Noah Lang

The accuracy of digital elevation models (DEMs) in urban areas is influenced by numerous factors including land cover and terrain irregularities. Moreover, building artifacts in global DEMs cause artificial blocking of surface flow…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Chukwuma Okolie , Jon Mills , Adedayo Adeleke , Julian Smit

Prediction of incident waves to wave energy converters (WEC) is essential to maximize the energy absorption by controlling the WEC. Nevertheless, little work has been done on the deterministic prediction of bi-directional waves whose wave…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-08-04 Takahito Iida

In the design process of marine structures like offshore wind turbines the long-term distribution of significant wave height needs to be modelled to estimate loads. This is typically done by fitting a translated Weibull distribution to wave…

Applications · Statistics 2020-05-14 Andreas F. Haselsteiner , Klaus-Dieter Thoben

Predictions are a central part of water resources research. Historically, physically-based models have been preferred; however, they have largely failed at modeling hydrological processes at a catchment scale and there are some important…

Applications · Statistics 2023-05-15 Divya K. Bilolikar , Aishwarya More , Aella Gong , Joseph Janssen

Machine learning for time-series forecasting remains a key area of research. Despite successful application of many machine learning techniques, relating computational efficiency to forecast error remains an under-explored domain. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Elin Törnquist , Wagner Costa Santos , Timothy Pogue , Nicholas Wingle , Robert A. Caulk

Weather forecasting is a crucial task for meteorologic research, with direct social and economic impacts. Recently, data-driven weather forecasting models based on deep learning have shown great potential, achieving superior performance…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-08-26 Lihao Gan , Xin Man , Chenghong Zhang , Jie Shao

Logs are valuable information for oil and gas fields as they help to determine the lithology of the formations surrounding the borehole and the location and reserves of subsurface oil and gas reservoirs. However, important logs are often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Hua Wang , Yuqiong Wu , Yushun Zhang , Fuqiang Lai , Zhou Feng , Bing Xie , Ailin Zhao

A performance measure for a DART tsunami buoy network has been developed. The measure is based on a statistical analysis of simulated forecasts of wave heights outside an impact site and how much the forecasts are degraded in accuracy when…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2016-07-12 Donald B. Percival , Donald W. Denbo , Edison Gica , Paul Y. Huang , Harold O. Mofjeld , Michael C. Spillane , Vasily V. Titov

Accurate wind speed prediction is crucial for designing and selecting sites for offshore wind farms. This paper investigates the effectiveness of various machine learning models in predicting offshore wind power for a site near the Gulf of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-19 Linhan Fang , Fan Jiang , Ann Mary Toms , Xingpeng Li

Marine heatwaves (MHWs) are extreme ocean-temperature events with significant impacts on marine ecosystems and related industries. Accurate forecasts (one to six months ahead) of MHWs would aid in mitigating these impacts. However,…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-02-20 Ding Ning , Varvara Vetrova , Sébastien Delaux , Rachael Tappenden , Karin R. Bryan , Yun Sing Koh

As the availability, size and complexity of data have increased in recent years, machine learning (ML) techniques have become popular for modeling. Predictions resulting from applying ML models are often used for inference, decision-making,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-04-25 Xiaozhe Yin , Masoud Fallah-Shorshani , Rob McConnell , Scott Fruin , Yao-Yi Chiang , Meredith Franklin

Accurate ocean surface wave knowledge is crucial for ship design. With the significant advancements of model physics and numerical resources, the recent numerical wave hindcast data has a potential to provide environmental conditions for…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-03-23 Tsubasa Kodaira , Kaushik Sasmal , Rei Miratsu , Tsutomu Fukui , Tingyao Zhu , Takuji Waseda

The quantification of storm updrafts remains unavailable for operational forecasting despite their inherent importance to convection and its associated severe weather hazards. Updraft proxies, like overshooting top area from satellite…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Randy J. Chase , Amy McGovern , Cameron Homeyer , Peter Marinescu , Corey Potvin

Estimation of the wind speed plays an important role in many issues such as route determination of ships, efficient use of wind roses, and correct planning of agricultural activities. In this study, wind velocity estimation is calculated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-02 Inan Timur , Baba Ahmet Fevzi

The ability to predict wind is crucial for both energy production and weather forecasting. Mechanistic models that form the basis of traditional forecasting perform poorly near the ground. In this paper, we take an alternative data-driven…

This study presents OceanCastNet (OCN), a machine learning approach for wave forecasting that incorporates wind and wave fields to predict significant wave height, mean wave period, and mean wave direction.We evaluate OCN's performance…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-11-04 Ziliang Zhang , Huaming Yu , Danqin Ren , Chenyu Zhang , Minghua Sun , Xin Qi

The presence of snow and ice on runway surfaces reduces the available tire-pavement friction needed for retardation and directional control and causes potential economic and safety threats for the aviation industry during the winter…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-09-30 Alise Danielle Midtfjord , Riccardo De Bin , Arne Bang Huseby

Accurate medium-range precipitation forecasting is crucial for hydrometeorological risk management and disaster mitigation, yet remains challenging for current numerical weather prediction (NWP) systems. Traditional ensemble systems such as…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-10-24 Tianyi Xiong , Haonan Chen

We present a machine learning method to predict extreme hydrologic events from spatially and temporally varying hydrological and meteorological data. We used a timestep reduction technique to reduce the computational and memory requirements…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-03 Nicholas Majeske , Bidisha Abesh , Chen Zhu , Ariful Azad