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3D open-world environments with adversarial opponents remain a core challenge for reinforcement learning due to their vast state spaces. Effective reasoning representations are essential in such settings. While existing self-supervised…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yuanfei Xu , Lin Liu , Wengang Zhou , Mingxiao Feng , Houqiang Li

Sample efficiency has been one of the major challenges for deep reinforcement learning. Recently, model-based reinforcement learning has been proposed to address this challenge by performing planning on imaginary trajectories with a learned…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Guangxiang Zhu , Minghao Zhang , Honglak Lee , Chongjie Zhang

Reinforcement learning allows solving complex tasks, however, the learning tends to be task-specific and the sample efficiency remains a challenge. We present Plan2Explore, a self-supervised reinforcement learning agent that tackles both…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-02 Ramanan Sekar , Oleh Rybkin , Kostas Daniilidis , Pieter Abbeel , Danijar Hafner , Deepak Pathak

Real-world reinforcement learning demands adaptation to unseen environmental conditions without costly retraining. Contextual Markov Decision Processes (cMDP) model this challenge, but existing methods often require explicit context…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Frank Röder , Jan Benad , Manfred Eppe , Pradeep Kr. Banerjee

Animals execute goal-directed behaviours despite the limited range and scope of their sensors. To cope, they explore environments and store memories maintaining estimates of important information that is not presently available. Recently,…

In dynamic environments, learned controllers are supposed to take motion into account when selecting the action to be taken. However, in existing reinforcement learning works motion is rarely treated explicitly; it is rather assumed that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-04 Artemij Amiranashvili , Alexey Dosovitskiy , Vladlen Koltun , Thomas Brox

Model-based Reinforcement Learning approaches have the promise of being sample efficient. Much of the progress in learning dynamics models in RL has been made by learning models via supervised learning. But traditional model-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-12 Shagun Sodhani , Anirudh Goyal , Tristan Deleu , Yoshua Bengio , Sergey Levine , Jian Tang

Reinforcement learning is a powerful technique to train an agent to perform a task. However, an agent that is trained using reinforcement learning is only capable of achieving the single task that is specified via its reward function. Such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-24 Carlos Florensa , David Held , Xinyang Geng , Pieter Abbeel

Learning to control robots without requiring engineered models has been a long-term goal, promising diverse and novel applications. Yet, reinforcement learning has only achieved limited impact on real-time robot control due to its high…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-08-05 Philip Becker-Ehmck , Maximilian Karl , Jan Peters , Patrick van der Smagt

Reinforcement learning (RL) promises to unlock capabilities beyond imitation learning for Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models, but its requirement for massive real-world interaction prevents direct deployment on physical robots. Recent work…

The DreamerV3 algorithm recently obtained remarkable performance across diverse environment domains by learning an accurate world model based on Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs). Following the success of model-based reinforcement learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Maxime Burchi , Radu Timofte

Object-centric world models (OCWM) aim to decompose visual scenes into object-level representations, providing structured abstractions that could improve compositional generalization and data efficiency in reinforcement learning. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Stefano Ferraro , Akihiro Nakano , Masahiro Suzuki , Yutaka Matsuo

Engineering design problems often involve large state and action spaces along with highly sparse rewards. Since an exhaustive search of those spaces is not feasible, humans utilize relevant domain knowledge to condense the search space.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Ayush Raina , Lucas Puentes , Jonathan Cagan , Christopher McComb

In this work, we generalize the problem of learning through interaction in a POMDP by accounting for eventual additional information available at training time. First, we introduce the informed POMDP, a new learning paradigm offering a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Gaspard Lambrechts , Adrien Bolland , Damien Ernst

Multi-agent RL is rendered difficult due to the non-stationary nature of environment perceived by individual agents. Theoretically sound methods using the REINFORCE estimator are impeded by its high-variance, whereas value-function based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Kenzo Lobos-Tsunekawa , Akshay Srinivasan , Michael Spranger

Recent breakthroughs in Go play and strategic games have witnessed the great potential of reinforcement learning in intelligently scheduling in uncertain environment, but some bottlenecks are also encountered when we generalize this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-27 Xingxing Liang , Qi Wang , Yanghe Feng , Zhong Liu , Jincai Huang

In this paper, we introduce an imagine network that can simulate itself through artificial association networks. Association, deduction, and memory networks are learned, and a network is created by combining the discriminator and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-01-03 Seokjun Kim , Jaeeun Jang , Hyeoncheol Kim

A crucial capability of real-world intelligent agents is their ability to plan a sequence of actions to achieve their goals in the visual world. In this work, we address the problem of visual semantic planning: the task of predicting a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-17 Yuke Zhu , Daniel Gordon , Eric Kolve , Dieter Fox , Li Fei-Fei , Abhinav Gupta , Roozbeh Mottaghi , Ali Farhadi

Active learning agents typically employ a query selection algorithm which solely considers the agent's learning objectives. However, this may be insufficient in more realistic human domains. This work uses imitation learning to enable an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-02 Kalesha Bullard , Yannick Schroecker , Sonia Chernova

Recent progress in generative models has stimulated significant innovations in many fields, such as image generation and chatbots. Despite their success, these models often produce sketchy and misleading solutions for complex multi-agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Zeyang Liu , Xinrui Yang , Shiguang Sun , Long Qian , Lipeng Wan , Xingyu Chen , Xuguang Lan