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Machine-learning based methods like physics-informed neural networks and physics-informed neural operators are becoming increasingly adept at solving even complex systems of partial differential equations. Boundary conditions can be…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-29 Niklas Göschel , Sebastian Götschel , Daniel Ruprecht

A large class of initial-boundary value problems of linear evolution partial differential equations formulated on the half-line is analyzed via the unified transform method. In particular, explicit formulae are presented for the generalized…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2016-04-21 Athanassios S. Fokas , Zipeng Wang

Identifying parameters in partial differential equations (PDEs) represents a very broad class of applied inverse problems. In recent years, several unsupervised learning approaches using (deep) neural networks have been developed to solve…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-08-22 Siyu Cen , Bangti Jin , Qimeng Quan , Zhi Zhou

We present two effective methods for solving high-dimensional partial differential equations (PDE) based on randomized neural networks. Motivated by the universal approximation property of this type of networks, both methods extend the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-09-14 Yiran Wang , Suchuan Dong

Deep learning-based partial differential equation(PDE) solvers have received much attention in the past few years. Methods of this category can solve a wide range of PDEs with high accuracy, typically by transforming the problems into…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-07-23 Ramesh Chandra Sau , Luowei Yin

There have been extensive studies on solving differential equations using physics-informed neural networks. While this method has proven advantageous in many cases, a major criticism lies in its lack of analytical error bounds. Therefore,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Shuheng Liu , Xiyue Huang , Pavlos Protopapas

In this paper, we propose a new adaptation of the D-iteration algorithm to numerically solve the differential equations. This problem can be reinterpreted in 2D or 3D (or higher dimensions) as a limit of a diffusion process where the…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2012-04-25 Dohy Hong

This paper studies deep neural networks for solving extremely large linear systems arising from highdimensional problems. Because of the curse of dimensionality, it is expensive to store both the solution and right-hand side vector in such…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-03-07 Yiqi Gu , Michael K. Ng

This work considers stochastic Galerkin approximations of linear elliptic partial differential equations (PDEs) with stochastic forcing terms and stochastic diffusion coefficients, that cannot be bounded uniformly away from zero and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-12 Fabio Musco , Andrea Barth

Variational inequalities are widely applied in mechanical engineering, fluid penetration, transportation, and other fields. In this paper, a Deep Ritz method based on Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) is proposed to enhance the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-13 Qijia Zhou , Yiyang Wang , Shengyuan Deng , Chenliang Li

In this paper we discuss a new approach to the quasinormal-mode problem in general relativity. By combining a characteristic formulation of the perturbation equations with the integration of a suitable phase-function for a complex valued…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Lars Samuelsson , Nils Andersson , Asimina Maniopoulou

Neural networks have shown significant potential in solving partial differential equations (PDEs). While deep networks are capable of approximating complex functions, direct one-shot training often faces limitations in both accuracy and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-03-10 Mingxing Weng , Zhiping Mao , Jie Shen

A method for approximating sixth-order ordinary differential equations is proposed, which utilizes a deep learning feedforward artificial neural network, referred to as a neural solver. The efficacy of this unsupervised machine learning…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-16 Janavi Bhalala , B. Veena S. N. Rao

I provide an introduction to the application of deep learning and neural networks for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). The approach, known as physics-informed neural networks (PINNs), involves minimizing the residual of the…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-03-04 Hubert Baty

We present an approach for solving optimal Dirichlet boundary control problems of nonlinear optics by using deep learning. For computing high resolution approximations of the solution to the nonlinear wave model, we propose higher order…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-12-27 Nils Margenberg , Franz X. Kärtner , Markus Bause

Nonlinear differential equations are challenging to solve numerically and are important to understanding the dynamics of many physical systems. Deep neural networks have been applied to help alleviate the computational cost that is…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-10-27 Bryce Chudomelka , Youngjoon Hong , Hyunwoo Kim , Jinyoung Park

We propose a Nitsche-based fictitious domain method for the three field Stokes problem in which the boundary of the domain is allowed to cross through the elements of a fixed background mesh. The dependent variables of velocity, pressure…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-02-23 Erik Burman , Susanne Claus , André Massing

This paper introduces a numerical approach to solve singularly perturbed convection diffusion boundary value problems for second-order ordinary differential equations that feature a small positive parameter {\epsilon} multiplying the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-06-14 Daniel T. Gregory

We propose a novel method for fast and accurate training of physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) to find solutions to boundary value problems (BVPs) and initial boundary value problems (IBVPs). By combining the methods of training deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Abhiram Anand Thiruthummal , Sergiy Shelyag , Eun-jin Kim

We derive an explicit representation of the fundamental solution to the heat equation in a half-space of ${\mathbb R}^N$ with a diffusive dynamical boundary condition, and establish sharp pointwise upper and lower bounds. We also…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-04-02 Kazuhiro Ishige , Sho Katayama , Tatsuki Kawakami