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The quantum superposition principle is reexamined and reformulated based on the adiabatic theorem of quantum mechanics, nonadiabatic dressed states and experimental evidences. The collapse of the wave function and the quantum measurement…
A formalism is developed for describing approximate classical behaviour in finite (but possibly large) quantum systems. This is done in terms of a structure common to classical and quantum mechanics, viz. a Poisson space with a transition…
Philosophical analyses of causation take many forms but one major difficulty they all aim to address is that of the spatio-temporal continuity between causes and their effects. Bertrand Russell in 1913 brought the problem to its most…
Alternative theories to quantum mechanics motivate important fundamental tests of our understanding and descriptions of the smallest physical systems. Here, using spontaneous parametric downconversion as a heralded single-photon source, we…
This paper incorporates fixed capital into a multi-sectoral input-output model to reassess the Okishio Theorem. We establish the existence of a critical wage elasticity strictly less than unity, beyond which cost-reducing technical progress…
We study the properties of a non-abelian gauge theory subjected to a gauge invariant constraint given by the classical equations of motion. The constraint is not imposed by hand, but appears naturally when we study a particular type of…
This article traces the development of fluctuation theory and its deep connection to irreversibility, from equilibrium to near-equilibrium, and finally to far-from-equilibrium systems. Classical fluctuation theorems, which capture the…
Galles and Pearl claimed that "for recursive models, the causal model framework does not add any restrictions to counterfactuals, beyond those imposed by Lewis's [possible-worlds] framework." This claim is examined carefully, with the goal…
Time-symmetric interpretations of quantum theory are often presented as featuring "retrocausal" effects in addition to the usual forward notion of causation. This paper examines the ontological implications of certain timesymmetric…
The quantum theory, that we now know, arose in the process of sharp disputes between its creators. One of the results of these disputes was the emergence in recent years of fundamentally new areas of investigation and technology - quantum…
The counting statistics of electron transport is theoretically studied in a system with two capacitively coupled parallel transport channels. Each channel is composed of a quantum dot connected by tunneling to two reservoirs. The…
Passivity is an imperative concept and a widely utilized tool in the analysis and control of interconnected systems. It naturally arises in the modelling of physical systems involving passive elements and dynamics. While many theorems on…
Thermodynamics of equilibrium states is well established. However, in nonequilibrium few general results are known. One prime and important example is that of Nyquist theorem. It relates equilibrium tiny voltage fluctuations across a…
We prove a compactness theorem for pseudopower operations of the form $pp_{\Gamma(\mu,\sigma)}(\mu)$ where $\aleph_0<\sigma=cf(\sigma)\leq cf(\mu)$. Our main tool is a result that has Shelah's cov vs. pp Theorem as a consequence. We also…
We give a comprehensive and constructive proof of the no-go theorem of a bit commitment given by Mayers, Lo, and Chau from the viewpoint of quantum information theory. It is shown that there is a trade-off relation between information…
Even though the Madelung equations are central to many 'classical' approaches to the foundations of quantum mechanics such as Bohmian and stochastic mechanics, no coherent mathematical theory has been developed so far for this system of…
Our aim in this paper is to take quite seriously Heinz Post's claim that the non-individuality and the indiscernibility of quantum objects should be introduced right at the start, and not made a posteriori by introducing symmetry…
In a New Keynesian model where the trade-off between stabilising the aggregate inflation rate and the output gap arises from sectoral asymmetries, the gains from commitment are either zero or negligible. Thus, to the extent that economic…
Recently, attention has returned to the now-famous 1932 thought experiment in which John von Neumann establishes the form of the quantum mechanical von Neumann entropy -Tr $ \rho \ln \rho $ ($S_{VN}$), supposedly by arguing for its…
An attempt is made to de-mystify the apparent "paradox" between microscopic time revsersibility and macroscopic time irreversibility. It is our common experience that a hot cup of coffee cools down to room temperature and it never…