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Discriminative learning effectively predicts true object class for image classification. However, it often results in false positives for outliers, posing critical concerns in applications like autonomous driving and video surveillance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Masoud Taghikhah , Nishant Kumar , Siniša Šegvić , Abouzar Eslami , Stefan Gumhold

Unsupervised outlier detection constitutes a crucial phase within data analysis and remains a dynamic realm of research. A good outlier detection algorithm should be computationally efficient, robust to tuning parameter selection, and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-09-23 Sheikh Arafat , Na Sun , Maria L. Weese , Waldyn G. Martinez

Outlier detection (OD) is a key learning task for finding rare and deviant data samples, with many time-critical applications such as fraud detection and intrusion detection. In this work, we propose TOD, the first tensor-based system for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Yue Zhao , George H. Chen , Zhihao Jia

Selecting and combining the outlier scores of different base detectors used within outlier ensembles can be quite challenging in the absence of ground truth. In this paper, an unsupervised outlier detector combination framework called DCSO…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Yue Zhao , Maciej K. Hryniewicki

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is important for deploying reliable machine learning models on real-world applications. Recent advances in outlier exposure have shown promising results on OOD detection via fine-tuning model with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Jianing Zhu , Geng Yu , Jiangchao Yao , Tongliang Liu , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama , Bo Han

Unsupervised out-of-distribution (U-OOD) detection is to identify OOD data samples with a detector trained solely on unlabeled in-distribution (ID) data. The likelihood function estimated by a deep generative model (DGM) could be a natural…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-09-09 Yewen Li , Chaojie Wang , Xiaobo Xia , Xu He , Ruyi An , Dong Li , Tongliang Liu , Bo An , Xinrun Wang

Outlier detection in high-dimensional data is a challenging yet important task, as it has applications in, e.g., fraud detection and quality control. State-of-the-art density-based algorithms perform well because they 1) take the local…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-11-02 Bas van Stein , Matthijs van Leeuwen , Thomas Bäck

Outlier detection is the identification of points in a dataset that do not conform to the norm. Outlier detection is highly sensitive to the choice of the detection algorithm and the feature subspace used by the algorithm. Extracting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-05-18 Yanjie Fu , Charu Aggarwal , Srinivasan Parthasarathy , Deepak S. Turaga , Hui Xiong

Euclidean embedding from noisy observations containing outlier errors is an important and challenging problem in statistics and machine learning. Many existing methods would struggle with outliers due to a lack of detection ability. In this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-24 Qian Zhang , Xinyuan Zhao , Chao Ding

Graph anomaly detection (GAD) is a critical task in graph machine learning, with the primary objective of identifying anomalous nodes that deviate significantly from the majority. This task is widely applied in various real-world scenarios,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Xiang Li , Jianpeng Qi , Zhongying Zhao , Guanjie Zheng , Lei Cao , Junyu Dong , Yanwei Yu

Time series data occurs widely, and outlier detection is a fundamental problem in data mining, which has numerous applications. Existing autoencoder-based approaches deliver state-of-the-art performance on challenging real-world data but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-08 Tung Kieu , Bin Yang , Chenjuan Guo , Christian S. Jensen , Yan Zhao , Feiteng Huang , Kai Zheng

Outlier detection (OD) is the task of identifying unusual observations (or outliers) from a given or upcoming data by learning unique patterns of normal observations (or inliers). Recently, a study introduced a powerful unsupervised OD…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-01-08 Seoyoung Cho , Jaesung Hwang , Kwan-Young Bak , Dongha Kim

Identifying out-of-distribution (OOD) data at inference time is crucial for many machine learning applications, especially for automation. We present a novel unsupervised semi-parametric framework COMBOOD for OOD detection with respect to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Magesh Rajasekaran , Md Saiful Islam Sajol , Frej Berglind , Supratik Mukhopadhyay , Kamalika Das

We propose a new assumption in outlier detection: Normal data instances are commonly located in the area that there is hardly any fluctuation on data density, while outliers are often appeared in the area that there is violent fluctuation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Ding Liu , Hui Li

Outlier detection aims to find samples that behave differently from the majority of the data. Semi-supervised detection methods can utilize the supervision of partial labels, thus reducing false positive rates. However, most of the current…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Baiyang Chen , Zhong Yuan , Dezhong Peng , Xiaoliang Chen , Hongmei Chen

Outlier detection is an essential capability in safety-critical applications of supervised visual recognition. Most of the existing methods deliver best results by encouraging standard closed-set models to produce low-confidence predictions…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Anja Delić , Matej Grcić , Siniša Šegvić

Unsupervised learning methods are well established in the area of anomaly detection and achieve state of the art performances on outlier datasets. Outliers play a significant role, since they bear the potential to distort the predictions of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Andreas Lohrer , Daniyal Kazempour , Maximilian Hünemörder , Peer Kröger

Out-of-distribution recognition forms an important and well-studied problem in deep learning, with the goal to filter out samples that do not belong to the distribution on which a network has been trained. The conclusion of this paper is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Tejaswi Kasarla , Max van Spengler , Pascal Mettes

Outlying observations can be challenging to handle and adversely affect subsequent analyses, especially in data with increasing dimensional complexity. Although outliers are not always undesired anomalies in the data and may possess…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-18 Anthony-Alexander Christidis , Gabriela Cohen-Freue

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is critical to ensure the safe deployment of deep learning models in critical applications. Deep learning models can often misidentify OOD samples as in-distribution (ID) samples. This vulnerability…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Sudarshan Regmi