Related papers: Goldstone Boson Effects on Vacuum Decay
Structure formation models with a cosmological constant are successful in explaining large-scale structure data, but are threatened by the magnitude-redshift relation for Type Ia supernovae. This has led to discussion of models where the…
We develop a Schwinger-Keldysh effective field theory describing the hydrodynamics of a fluid with conserved charge and dipole moments, together with conserved momentum. The resulting hydrodynamic modes are highly unusual, including sound…
Temperature has a significant effect on the properties of quantum field theories (QFTs) with a spontaneously broken symmetry, in particular on the massless Goldstone bosons that exist in the vacuum state. It has recently been shown using…
The dynamical behaviour of domain boundaries between different realizations of the vacuum of scalar fields with spontaneously broken phases is investigated. They correspond to zero-modes of the Goldstone fields, moving with the speed of…
Spontaneous symmetry breaking in quantum field theories at non-zero temperature still holds fundamental open questions, in particular what happens to vacuum Goldstone bosons when the temperature is increased. By investigating a complex…
The presence of Nambu-Goldstone bosons introduce a natural degeneracy inside the vacuum solutions of the non-linear formulations of massive gravity in the same spirit of the $\sigma$-models. When the gravitational effects are taken into…
We introduce a systematic method to derive the effective action for domain walls directly from the scalar field theory that gives rise to their solitonic solutions. The effective action for the Goldstone mode, which characterizes the…
The exact symmetry induced by the global shift of energy scale for the cosmological constant in the action of matter fields is spontaneously broken by setting the density of real vacuum energy and explicitly broken by the gravity that means…
We elaborate on Abelian complex scalar models, which are dictated by natural actions (all couplings are of order one), at fixed and large global $U(1)$ charge in an arbitrary number of dimensions. The ground state $| \upsilon\rangle$ is…
Metastable states decay at zero temperature through quantum tunneling at an exponentially small rate, which depends on the Coleman-de Luccia instanton, also known as bounce. In some theories, the bounce may not exist or its on-shell action…
We investigate scalar-tensor theories where matter couples to the scalar field via a kinetically dependent conformal coupling. These models can be seen as the low-energy description of invariant field theories under a global Abelian…
We construct the model incorporating both an arbitrary shift of cosmological constant and Goldstone boson corresponding to the spontaneous breaking down the global shift symmetry in the matter action. The gravity breaks down the symmetry…
The effective field theory of single-field inflation characterizes the inflationary epoch in terms of a pattern of symmetry breaking. An operator acquires a time-dependent vacuum expectation value, defining a preferred spatial slicing. In…
We study spontaneous supersymmetry breaking in spatially modulated stable or meta-stable vacua in supersymmetric field theories. Such spatial modulation can be realized in a higher derivative chiral model for which vacuum energies are…
The squared mass of a complex scalar field is turned dynamically into negative by its O(2)-invariant coupling to a real field slowly rolling down in a quadratic potential. The emergence of gapless excitations is studied in real time…
We consider nonrelativistic superfluids where the global U(1)-symmetry is spontaneously broken. At sufficiently long wavelengths, the relevant degree of freedom is the massless Goldstone mode and we construct an effective low energy theory…
A new approach to vacuum decay in quantum field theory, based on a simple variational formulation in field space using a tunneling potential, is ideally suited to study the effects of gravity on such decays. The method allows to prove in…
We study the effects of internal symmetries on the decay by bubble nucleation of a metastable false vacuum. The zero modes about the bounce solution that are associated with the breaking of continuous internal symmetries result in an…
Based on the analogy with superconductor physics we consider a scalar-vector-tensor gravitational model, in which the dark energy action is described by a gauge invariant electromagnetic type functional. By assuming that the ground state of…
It is well known that massless Goldstone bosons have not yet been observed. In the Goldstone boson model, after the spontaneous symmetry breaking under $U(1)$, two coupled nonlinear equations are obtained for which we present the exact…