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A key challenge for Deep Neural Network (DNN) algorithms is their vulnerability to adversarial attacks. Inherently non-deterministic compute substrates, such as those based on Analog In-Memory Computing (AIMC), have been speculated to…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Corey Lammie , Julian Büchel , Athanasios Vasilopoulos , Manuel Le Gallo , Abu Sebastian

Analog crossbar architectures for accelerating neural network training and inference have made tremendous progress over the past several years. These architectures are ideal for dense layers with fewer than roughly a thousand neurons.…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-03-06 Jack D. Kendall , Ross D. Pantone , Juan C. Nino

Matrix factorization (MF) is a versatile learning method that has found wide applications in various data-driven disciplines. Still, many MF algorithms do not adequately scale with the size of available datasets and/or lack…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-30 Abhishek Agarwal , Jianhao Peng , Olgica Milenkovic

Deep neural networks are widely used in personalized recommendation systems. Unlike regular DNN inference workloads, recommendation inference is memory-bound due to the many random memory accesses needed to lookup the embedding tables. The…

In-Memory Computing (IMC) introduces a new paradigm of computation that offers high efficiency in terms of latency and power consumption for AI accelerators. However, the non-idealities and defects of emerging technologies used in advanced…

Deep neural network (DNN) latency characterization is a time-consuming process and adds significant cost to Neural Architecture Search (NAS) processes when searching for efficient convolutional neural networks for embedded vision…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-26 Saad Abbasi , Alexander Wong , Mohammad Javad Shafiee

Machine learning has recently developed novel approaches, mimicking the synapses of the human brain to achieve similarly efficient learning strategies. Such an approach retains the universality of standard methods, while attempting to…

With the advent of high-speed, high-precision, and low-power mixed-signal systems, there is an ever-growing demand for accurate, fast, and energy-efficient analog-to-digital (ADCs) and digital-to-analog converters (DACs). Unfortunately,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-05 Loai Danial , Kanishka Sharma , Shahar Kvatinsky

Memristor (resistor with memory), inductor with memory (meminductor) and capacitor with memory (memcapacitor) have different roles to play in novel computing architectures. We found that a coil with a magnetic core is an inductor with…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Frank Zhigang Wang

Artificial Neural Network computation relies on intensive vector-matrix multiplications. Recently, the emerging nonvolatile memory (NVM) crossbar array showed a feasibility of implementing such operations with high energy efficiency, thus…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2017-04-03 Hyungjun Kim , Taesu Kim , Jinseok Kim , Jae-Joon Kim

On-chip memory (usually based on Static RAMs-SRAMs) are crucial components for various computing devices including heterogeneous devices, e.g., GPUs, FPGAs, ASICs to achieve high performance. Modern workloads such as Deep Neural Networks…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-07-20 İsmail Emir Yüksel , Behzad Salami , Oğuz Ergin , Osman Sabri Ünsal , Adrian Cristal Kestelman

Neural networks are an increasingly attractive algorithm for natural language processing and pattern recognition. Deep networks with >50M parameters are made possible by modern GPU clusters operating at <50 pJ per op and more recently,…

The modular composite representation (MCR) is a computing model that represents information with high-dimensional integer vectors using modular arithmetic. Originally proposed as a generalization of the binary spatter code model, it aims to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Marco Angioli , Christopher J. Kymn , Antonello Rosato , Amy Loutfi , Mauro Olivieri , Denis Kleyko

Recent years have seen a rapid rise of artificial neural networks being employed in a number of cognitive tasks. The ever-increasing computing requirements of these structures have contributed to a desire for novel technologies and…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-05-06 Dovydas Joksas , Erwei Wang , Nikolaos Barmpatsalos , Wing H. Ng , Anthony J. Kenyon , George A. Constantinides , Adnan Mehonic

A neuromorphic metasurface embodies mechanical intelligence by realizing physical neural architectures. It exploits guided wave scattering to conduct computations in an analog manner. Through multiple tuned waveguides, the neuromorphic…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-10-22 M. Mousa , M. Moghaddaszadeh , M. Nouh

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) play a key role in deep learning applications. However, the large storage overheads and the substantial computation cost of CNNs are problematic in hardware accelerators. Computing-in-memory (CIM)…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-05-26 Syuan-Hao Sie , Jye-Luen Lee , Yi-Ren Chen , Chih-Cheng Lu , Chih-Cheng Hsieh , Meng-Fan Chang , Kea-Tiong Tang

As neural computation is revolutionizing the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI), rethinking the ideal neural hardware is becoming the next frontier. Fast and reliable von Neumann architecture has been the hosting platform for neural…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Yigit Demirag

In-memory analog matrix computing (AMC) with resistive random-access memory (RRAM) represents a highly promising solution that solves matrix problems in one step. However, the existing AMC circuits each have a specific connection topology…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Lunshuai Pan , Shiqing Wang , Pushen Zuo , Zhong Sun

Deep neural networks generate and process large volumes of data, posing challenges for low-resource embedded systems. In-memory computing has been demonstrated as an efficient computing infrastructure and shows promise for embedded AI…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Benjamin Chen Ming Choong , Tao Luo , Cheng Liu , Bingsheng He , Wei Zhang , Joey Tianyi Zhou

Photonic Microring Resonator (MRR) based hardware accelerators have been shown to provide disruptive speedup and energy-efficiency improvements for processing deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). However, previous MRR-based CNN…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-07-13 Sairam Sri Vatsavai , Ishan G Thakkar