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The last decade has witnessed the breakthrough of deep neural networks (DNNs) in many fields. With the increasing depth of DNNs, hundreds of millions of multiply-and-accumulate (MAC) operations need to be executed. To accelerate such…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Amro Eldebiky , Grace Li Zhang , Georg Boecherer , Bing Li , Ulf Schlichtmann

Analog in-memory computing (AIMC) accelerators enable efficient deep neural network computation directly within memory using resistive crossbar arrays, where model parameters are represented by the conductance states of memristive devices.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Jindan Li , Zhaoxian Wu , Gaowen Liu , Tayfun Gokmen , Tianyi Chen

In-memory computing (IMC) with non-volatile memories (NVMs) has emerged as a promising approach to address the rapidly growing computational demands of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). Mapping DNN layers spatially onto NVM-based IMC…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Abinand Nallathambi , Christin David Bose , Wilfried Haensch , Anand Raghunathan

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved great breakthroughs in many fields such as image classification and natural language processing. However, the execution of DNNs needs to conduct massive numbers of multiply-accumulate (MAC)…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Bo Liu , Grace Li Zhang , Xunzhao Yin , Ulf Schlichtmann , Bing Li

As deep neural networks require tremendous amount of computation and memory, analog computing with emerging memory devices is a promising alternative to digital computing for edge devices. However, because of the increasing simulation time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-21 Chaeun Lee , Seyoung Kim

The memristive crossbar array (MCA) has been successfully applied to accelerate matrix computations of signal detection in massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. However, the unique property of massive MIMO channel matrix…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-24 Jia-Hui Bi , Shaoshi Yang , Ping Zhang , Sheng Chen

Disentanglement of constituent factors of a sensory signal is central to perception and cognition and hence is a critical task for future artificial intelligence systems. In this paper, we present a compute engine capable of efficiently…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Jovin Langenegger , Geethan Karunaratne , Michael Hersche , Luca Benini , Abu Sebastian , Abbas Rahimi

The ever-increasing data demand craves advancements in high-speed and energy-efficient computing hardware. Analog optical neural network (ONN) processors have emerged as a promising solution, offering benefits in bandwidth and energy…

Optics · Physics 2026-04-07 Chao Luan , Ronald Davis , Zaijun Chen , Dirk Englund , Ryan Hamerly

A content-addressable-memory compares an input search word against all rows of stored words in an array in a highly parallel manner. While supplying a very powerful functionality for many applications in pattern matching and search, it…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-04-08 Can Li , Catherine E. Graves , Xia Sheng , Darrin Miller , Martin Foltin , Giacomo Pedretti , John Paul Strachan

This paper presents an implementation of multilayer feed forward neural networks (NN) to optimize CMOS analog circuits. For modeling and design recently neural network computational modules have got acceptance as an unorthodox and useful…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2012-12-13 Mriganka Chakraborty

The neuromorphic BrainScaleS-2 ASIC comprises mixed-signal neurons and synapse circuits as well as two versatile digital microprocessors. Primarily designed to emulate spiking neural networks, the system can also operate in a vector-matrix…

This paper presents a programmable in-memory-computing processor, demonstrated in a 65nm CMOS technology. For data-centric workloads, such as deep neural networks, data movement often dominates when implemented with today's computing…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-09-17 Hongyang Jia , Yinqi Tang , Hossein Valavi , Jintao Zhang , Naveen Verma

We propose a co-design approach for compute-in-memory inference for deep neural networks (DNN). We use multiplication-free function approximators based on ell_1 norm along with a co-adapted processing array and compute flow. Using the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Shamma Nasrin , Diaa Badawi , Ahmet Enis Cetin , Wilfred Gomes , Amit Ranjan Trivedi

Memristors have recently received significant attention as ubiquitous device-level components for building a novel generation of computing systems. These devices have many promising features, such as non-volatility, low power consumption,…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2017-10-25 Sijia Liu , Yanzhi Wang , Makan Fardad , Pramod K. Varshney

We describe a hybrid analog-digital computing approach to solve important combinatorial optimization problems that leverages memristors (two-terminal nonvolatile memories). While previous memristor accelerators have had to minimize analog…

This paper presents a memristor-based compute-in-memory hardware accelerator for on-chip training and inference, focusing on its accuracy and efficiency against device variations, conductance errors, and input noise. Utilizing realistic…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-08-28 M. Reza Eslami , Dhiman Biswas , Soheib Takhtardeshir , Sarah S. Sharif , Yaser M. Banad

Memristor crossbars enable vector-matrix multiplication (VMM), and are promising for low-power applications. However, it can be difficult to write the memristor conductance values exactly. To improve the accuracy of VMM, we propose a scheme…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-07 Binyu Lu , Matthias Frey , Stark Draper , Jingge Zhu

Conventional neuro-computing architectures and artificial neural networks have often been developed with no or loose connections to neuroscience. As a consequence, they have largely ignored key features of biological neural processing…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2017-11-08 Giacomo Indiveri , Bernabe Linares-Barranco , Robert Legenstein , George Deligeorgis , Themistoklis Prodromakis

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have revolutionized the field of artificial intelligence and have achieved unprecedented success in cognitive tasks such as image and speech recognition. Training of large DNNs, however, is computationally…

Memristive devices hold promise to improve the scale and efficiency of machine learning and neuromorphic hardware, thanks to their compact size, low power consumption, and the ability to perform matrix multiplications in constant time.…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Zhenming Yu , Ming-Jay Yang , Jan Finkbeiner , Sebastian Siegel , John Paul Strachan , Emre Neftci