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Background: Feedback as one of the most influential factors for learning has been subject to a great body of research. It plays a key role in the development of educational technology systems and is traditionally rooted in deterministic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Dominic Lohr , Hieke Keuning , Natalie Kiesler

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become powerful tools for automated code generation. However, these models often overlook critical security practices, which can result in the generation of insecure code that contains…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Hao Yan , Swapneel Suhas Vaidya , Xiaokuan Zhang , Ziyu Yao

Teaching software testing presents difficulties due to its abstract and conceptual nature. The lack of tangible outcomes and limited emphasis on hands-on experience further compound the challenge, often leading to difficulties in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Chakkrit Tantithamthavorn , Norman Chen

Developing an educational test can be expensive and time-consuming, as each item must be written by experts and then evaluated by collecting hundreds of student responses. Moreover, many tests require multiple distinct sets of questions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Eric Zelikman , Wanjing Anya Ma , Jasmine E. Tran , Diyi Yang , Jason D. Yeatman , Nick Haber

The use of new technologies in higher education has surprisingly emphasized students' tendency to adopt a passive behavior in class. Participation and interaction of students are essential to improve academic results. This paper describes…

This paper focuses on Code Generation task that aims at generating relevant code fragments according to given natural language descriptions. In the process of software development, developers often encounter two scenarios. One is requested…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Zezhou Yang , Sirong Chen , Cuiyun Gao , Zhenhao Li , Ge Li , Michael Lyu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are used for many tasks, including those related to coding. An important aspect of being able to utilize LLMs is the ability to assess their fitness for specific usages. The common practice is to evaluate LLMs…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Marcel Zalmanovici , Orna Raz , Eitan Farchi , Iftach Freund

Generative models are now capable of producing natural language text that is, in some cases, comparable in quality to the text produced by people. In the computing education context, these models are being used to generate code, code…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Cynthia Zastudil , Magdalena Rogalska , Christine Kapp , Jennifer Vaughn , Stephen MacNeil

As large language models become increasingly capable of generating code, evaluating their performance remains a complex and evolving challenge. Existing benchmarks primarily focus on functional correctness, overlooking the diversity of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Forough Mehralian , Ryan Shar , James R. Rae , Alireza Hashemi

With the emergence and rapid evolution of large language models (LLM), automating coding tasks has become an important research topic. Many efforts are underway and literature abounds about the efficacy of models and their ability to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Anshu Dubey , Akash Dhruv

Automated feedback generation for introductory programming assignments is useful for programming education. Most works try to generate feedback to correct a student program by comparing its behavior with an instructor's reference program on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-07-01 Umair Z. Ahmed , Zhiyu Fan , Jooyong Yi , Omar I. Al-Bataineh , Abhik Roychoudhury

Students often struggle with solving programming problems when learning to code, especially when they have to do it online, with one of the most common disadvantages of working online being the lack of personalized help. This help can be…

Large language models (LLMs) are becoming increasingly better at a wide range of Natural Language Processing tasks (NLP), such as text generation and understanding. Recently, these models have extended their capabilities to coding tasks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Nishat Raihan , Mohammed Latif Siddiq , Joanna C. S. Santos , Marcos Zampieri

Automated Driving System (ADS) is a safety-critical software system responsible for the interpretation of the vehicle's environment and making decisions accordingly. The unbounded complexity of the driving context, including unforeseeable…

Today, AI technology is showing its strengths in almost every industry and walks of life. From text generation, text summarization, chatbots, NLP is being used widely. One such paradigm is automatic code generation. An AI could be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Aishwarya Narasimhan , Krishna Prasad Agara Venkatesha Rao , Veena M B

We present a new method for automatically providing feedback for introductory programming problems. In order to use this method, we need a reference implementation of the assignment, and an error model consisting of potential corrections to…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2012-11-19 Rishabh Singh , Sumit Gulwani , Armando Solar-Lezama

In recent times, a plethora of Large Code Generation Models (LCGMs) have been proposed, showcasing significant potential in assisting developers with complex programming tasks. Benchmarking LCGMs necessitates the creation of a set of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Simin Chen , Xiaoning Feng , Xiaohong Han , Cong Liu , Wei Yang

Testing PLC and DCS control logic in industrial automation is laborious and challenging since appropriate test cases are often complex and difficult to formulate. Researchers have previously proposed several automated test case generation…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Heiko Koziolek , Virendra Ashiwal , Soumyadip Bandyopadhyay , Chandrika K R

Automated grading systems have enabled scalable assessment for many response types, but handwritten mathematics remains a barrier due to the complexity of multi-step solutions. Vision-capable large language models (LLMs) offer new…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Jacob Levine , Miguel Aenlle , Craig Zilles , Matthew West , Mariana Silva

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has enabled the generation of coherent essays, making AI-assisted writing increasingly common in educational and professional settings. Using large-scale empirical data, we examine and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Yang Zhong , Jiangang Hao , Michael Fauss , Chen Li , Yuan Wang