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Multiple light scattering hampers imaging objects in complex scattering media. Approaches used in real practices mainly aim to filter out multiple scattering obscuring the ballistic waves that travel straight through the scattering medium.…

Efficient monitoring of airborne particulate matter (PM), especially particles with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 um (PM2.5), is crucial for improving public health. Reliable information on the concentration, size distribution and…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-01-08 Abhinav Sharma , Shangran Xie , Richard Zeltner , Philip St. J. Russell

Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) is fundamental to fluid dynamics, yet deep learning applications face significant hurdles. A critical gap exists: the lack of comprehensive evaluation of how diverse optical flow models perform specifically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Zicheng Lin , Xiaoqiang Li , Yichao Wang , Chuang Zhu

Particle-based velocimetry (PV) is a widely used technique for non-invasive flow field measurements in fluid mechanics. Existing PV measurements typically rely on a single type of particle recording. With advancements in deep learning and…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-07-10 Fan Wu , Xiang Feng , Aoyu Zhang , Yong Lee

Selective plane illumination microscopy (SPIM), or light sheet, is a powerful three-dimensional imaging approach. However, access to and interfacing microscopes with microfluidics have remained challenging. Complex interfacing with…

Biological Physics · Physics 2023-09-18 Per Niklas Hedde , Erika L. Gomez , Leora Duong , Robert E. Steele , Siavash Ahrar

Particle therapy is a well-established clinical treatment of tumors and so far, more than one hundred centers are in operation around the world. High accuracy on position and dose rate in beam monitoring are major cornerstones of clinical…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-10-07 Hui Zhang , Bogdan Topko , Ivan Perić

In turbid media, scattering of light scrambles information of the incident beam and represents an obstacle to optical imaging. Noninvasive imaging through opaque layers is challenging for dynamic and wide-field objects due to unreliable…

Optics · Physics 2018-10-17 Yuan Yuan , Hui Chen

LiDAR has become one of the primary 3D object detection sensors in autonomous driving. However, LiDAR's diverging point pattern with increasing distance results in a non-uniform sampled point cloud ill-suited to discretized volumetric…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-23 Jordan S. K. Hu , Tianshu Kuai , Steven L. Waslander

We present a novel architecture for accelerating PIV calculations. An optical flow hardware accelerator does the brunt of the work, with cross-correlation only providing quick corrections. The result is RapidPIV: a free-to-download software…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-04-28 Scott A. Bollt , Samuel H. Foxman , Morteza Gharib

Imaging through dynamic scattering media, such as biological tissue, presents a fundamental challenge due to light scattering and the formation of speckle patterns. These patterns not only degrade image quality but also decorrelate rapidly,…

We describe a time lens to expand the dynamic range of photon Doppler velocimetry (PDV) systems. The principle and preliminary design of a time-lens PDV (TL-PDV) are explained and shown to be feasible through simulations. In a PDV system,…

Optics · Physics 2021-04-14 Pinghan Chu , Velat Kilic , Mark A. Foster , Zhehui Wang

We combine X-ray-specific tracer particles, a photon counting detector, and a liquid metal jet anode X-ray source to achieve $O$(1 kHz) X-ray imaging speeds in the laboratory, 15$\times$ faster than previous comparable studies with $O$(50…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-10-17 Jason T. Parker , Till Dreier , Daniel Nilsson , Simo A. Mäkiharju

Non-contact facial video-based heart rate estimation using remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) has shown great potential in many applications (e.g., remote health care) and achieved creditable results in constrained scenarios. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-27 Jiaqi Kang , Su Yang , Weishan Zhang

Two-Photon Microscopy (TPM) can provide three-dimensional morphological and functional contrast in vivo. Through proper staining, TPM can be utilized to create virtual, H&E equivalent images and thus can improve throughput in…

Holotomography (HT) has revolutionized quantitative label-free 3D imaging, yet conventional lens-based implementations are fundamentally constrained in field-of-view (FOV) and imaging depth, limiting their utility for critical…

We propose a new constrained optimization approach to hyperspectral (HS) image restoration. Most existing methods restore a desirable HS image by solving some optimization problem, which consists of a regularization term(s) and a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-09 Saori Takeyama , Shunsuke Ono , Itsuo Kumazawa

Homographies are among the most prevalent transformations occurring in geometric computer vision and projective geometry, and homography estimation is consequently a crucial step in a wide assortment of computer vision tasks. When working…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Mårten Wadenbäck , Marcus Valtonen Örnhag , Johan Edstedt

Encoding more information into wave fields is a central goal in imaging, communication, and wave control. Optical holography benefits from polarization multiplexing, but acoustic holography remains largely limited to pressure-only encoding…

Applied Physics · Physics 2026-04-28 Yuan Tian , Hao Ge , Jiangpo Zheng , Xiujuan Zhang , Ming-Hui Lu , Yan-Feng Chen

The presence of a scattering medium in the imaging path between an object and an observer is known to severely limit the visual acuity of the imaging system. We present an approach to circumvent the deleterious effects of scattering, by…

Underwater images suffer from light refraction and absorption, which impairs visibility and interferes the subsequent applications. Existing underwater image enhancement methods mainly focus on image quality improvement, ignoring the effect…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Zengxi Zhang , Zhiying Jiang , Jinyuan Liu , Xin Fan , Risheng Liu