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Related papers: On generative models of T-cell receptor sequences

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Next generation sequencing of B cell receptor (BCR) repertoires has become a ubiquitous tool for understanding the antibody-mediated immune response: it is now common to have large volumes of sequence data coding for both the heavy and…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2023-01-11 Duncan K. Ralph , Frederick A. Matsen

Precise prognostic stratification of colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a major clinical challenge due to its high heterogeneity. The conventional TNM staging system is inadequate for personalized medicine. We aimed to develop and validate a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Zisong Wang , Xuanyu Wang , Hang Chen , Haizhou Wang , Yuxin Chen , Yihang Xu , Yunhe Yuan , Lihuan Luo , Xitong Ling , Xiaoping Liu

The similarity between neural and immune networks has been known for decades, but so far we did not understand the mechanism that allows the immune system, unlike associative neural networks, to recall and execute a large number of…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2017-03-20 Elena Agliari , Alessia Annibale , Adriano Barra , A. C. C. Coolen , Daniele Tantari

Studies of T cells and their clonally unique receptors have shown promise in elucidating the association between immune response and human disease. Methods to identify T-cell receptor clones which expand or contract in response to certain…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-10 David Swanson , Alexander Sherry , Chad Tang

Protein language models (PLMs) learn contextual representations from protein sequences and are profoundly impacting various scientific disciplines spanning protein design, drug discovery, and structural predictions. One particular research…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-02-07 Andreas Dounas , Tudor-Stefan Cotet , Alexander Yermanos

Biological sequences encode fundamental instructions for the building blocks of life, in the form of DNA, RNA, and proteins. Modeling these sequences is key to understand disease mechanisms and is an active research area in computational…

The human immune system depends on a highly diverse collection of antibody-making B cells. B cell receptor sequence diversity is generated by a random recombination process called "rearrangement" forming progenitor B cells, then a Darwinian…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2017-02-08 Duncan K. Ralph , Frederick A. Matsen

Inference of gene regulatory networks has been an active area of research for around 20 years, leading to the development of sophisticated inference algorithms based on a variety of assumptions and approaches. With the always increasing…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2022-11-03 Malvina Marku , Vera Pancaldi

Mechanisms of immunity, and of the host-pathogen interactions in general are among the most fundamental problems of medicine, ecology, and evolution studies. Here, we present a microscopic, protein-level, sequence-based model of immune…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2007-11-22 Muyoung Heo , Konstantin B. Zeldovich , Eugene I. Shakhnovich

Designing full-length, epitope-specific TCR {\alpha}\b{eta} remains challenging due to vast sequence space, data biases and incomplete modeling of immunogenetic constraints. We present LSMTCR, a scalable multi-architecture framework that…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Ruihao Zhang , Xiao Liu

Neural language models have become powerful tools for learning complex representations of entities in natural language processing tasks. However, their interpretability remains a significant challenge, particularly in domains like…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Divya Nori , Shivali Singireddy , Marina Ten Have

Antibodies offer great potential for the treatment of various diseases. However, the discovery of therapeutic antibodies through traditional wet lab methods is expensive and time-consuming. The use of generative models in designing…

Each T cell typically carries a specific T-cell receptor (TCR) that determines its specificity against an epitope presented by the HLA complex on a target cell. Antigenic challenge triggers the expansion of reactive cells within a diverse…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2026-01-29 Yunbei Pan , Christian Hofmann , Barbara Banbury , Harsh Patel , Stephanie A. Bien , Tom Chou , Otto O. Yang

Probabilistic modeling is fundamental to the statistical analysis of complex data. In addition to forming a coherent description of the data-generating process, probabilistic models enable parameter inference about given data sets. This…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2018-05-01 Branden J. Olson , Frederick A. Matsen

Random graph models have been instrumental in characterizing complex networks, but chemical reaction networks (CRNs) are better represented as hypergraphs. Traditional models of random CRNs often reduce CRNs to bipartite graphs,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-07-15 Shesha Gopal Marehalli Srinivas , Massimiliano Esposito , Nahuel Freitas

Our world is ambiguous and this is reflected in the data we use to train our algorithms. This is particularly true when we try to model natural processes where collected data is affected by noisy measurements and differences in measurement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Jörg K. H. Franke , Frederic Runge , Frank Hutter

In recent years, several machine learning approaches have been proposed to predict gene expression and epigenetic signals from the DNA sequence alone. These models are often used to deduce, and, to some extent, assess putative new…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2023-04-26 Laurent Bréhélin

The clustering of B cell receptor (BCR) molecules and the formation of the protein segregation structure known as the immunological synapse appears to precede antigen (Ag) uptake by B cells. The mature B cell synapse is characterized by a…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2009-11-13 Philippos K. Tsourkas , Nicole Baumgarth , Scott I. Simon , Subhadip Raychaudhuri

Single-cell RNA-seq foundation models achieve strong performance on downstream tasks but remain black boxes, limiting their utility for biological discovery. Recent work has shown that sparse dictionary learning can extract concepts from…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2025-10-31 Charlotte Claye , Pierre Marschall , Wassila Ouerdane , Céline Hudelot , Julien Duquesne

Modern machine learning models excel at pattern recognition but remain brittle, often failing to generalize out of distribution (OOD) because they capture spurious correlations rather than the underlying causal data-generating process.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Govind Vallabhasseri Binish , Abdhul Ahadh , Rano Roy Kavanal , Arya Ukunde