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This survey (re)introduces reinforcement learning methods to economists. The curse of dimensionality limits how far exact dynamic programming can be effectively applied, forcing us to rely on suitably "small" problems or our ability to…

General Economics · Economics 2026-03-25 Pranjal Rawat

We present a method to automatically find security strategies for the use case of intrusion prevention. Following this method, we model the interaction between an attacker and a defender as a Markov game and let attack and defense…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Kim Hammar , Rolf Stadler

We study the problem of programmatic reinforcement learning, in which policies are represented as short programs in a symbolic language. Programmatic policies can be more interpretable, generalizable, and amenable to formal verification…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-21 Abhinav Verma , Hoang M. Le , Yisong Yue , Swarat Chaudhuri

We introduce a class of learning problems where the agent is presented with a series of tasks. Intuitively, if there is relation among those tasks, then the information gained during execution of one task has value for the execution of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-09-06 Christos Dimitrakakis

Recent research studies revealed that neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. State-of-the-art defensive techniques add various adversarial examples in training to improve models' adversarial robustness. However, these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-13 Chang Song , Zuoguan Wang , Hai Li

Continual RL requires an agent to learn new tasks without forgetting previous ones, while improving on both past and future tasks. The most common approaches use model-free algorithms and replay buffers can help to mitigate catastrophic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Luke Yang , Levin Kuhlmann , Gideon Kowadlo

World models power some of the most efficient reinforcement learning algorithms. In this work, we showcase that they can be harnessed for continual learning - a situation when the agent faces changing environments. World models typically…

Reinforcement Learning (RL) can effectively learn complex policies. However, learning these policies often demands extensive trial-and-error interactions with the environment. In many real-world scenarios, this approach is not practical due…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Linh Le Pham Van , Hung The Tran , Sunil Gupta

The ability of artificial agents to increment their capabilities when confronted with new data is an open challenge in artificial intelligence. The main challenge faced in such cases is catastrophic forgetting, i.e., the tendency of neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Eden Belouadah , Adrian Popescu , Ioannis Kanellos

Forgetting is often seen as an unwanted characteristic in both human and machine learning. However, we propose that forgetting can in fact be favorable to learning. We introduce "forget-and-relearn" as a powerful paradigm for shaping the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-02 Hattie Zhou , Ankit Vani , Hugo Larochelle , Aaron Courville

Self-play (SP) is a popular multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) framework for solving competitive games, where each agent optimizes policy by treating others as part of the environment. Despite the empirical successes, the theoretical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Zelai Xu , Yancheng Liang , Chao Yu , Yu Wang , Yi Wu

Loss of plasticity is one of the main challenges in continual learning with deep neural networks, where neural networks trained via backpropagation gradually lose their ability to adapt to new tasks and perform significantly worse than…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Jiuqi Wang , Rohan Chandra , Shangtong Zhang

Self-play is an unsupervised training procedure which enables the reinforcement learning agents to explore the environment without requiring any external rewards. We augment the self-play setting by providing an external memory where the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-04 Shagun Sodhani , Vardaan Pahuja

In this paper we experiment with a 2-player strategy board game where playing models are evolved using reinforcement learning and neural networks. The models are evolved to speed up automatic game development based on human involvement at…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Dimitris Kalles

In the context of addressing the Robot Air Hockey Challenge 2023, we investigate the applicability of model-based deep reinforcement learning to acquire a policy capable of autonomously playing air hockey. Our agents learn solely from…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Andrej Orsula

Deep reinforcement learning policies, which are integral to modern control systems, represent valuable intellectual property. The development of these policies demands considerable resources, such as domain expertise, simulation fidelity,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Zhixiong Zhuang , Maria-Irina Nicolae , Mario Fritz

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is an effective tool for controller design but can struggle with issues of robustness, failing catastrophically when the underlying system dynamics are perturbed. The Robust RL formulation tackles this by adding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-24 Eugene Vinitsky , Yuqing Du , Kanaad Parvate , Kathy Jang , Pieter Abbeel , Alexandre Bayen

Reinforcement learning is a powerful approach for training an optimal policy to solve complex problems in a given system. This project aims to demonstrate the application of reinforcement learning in stochastic process environments with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Kuangheng He

Deep Reinforcement Learning agents often suffer from catastrophic forgetting, forgetting previously found solutions in parts of the input space when training on new data. Replay Memories are a common solution to the problem, decorrelating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Muhammad Burhan Hafez , Tilman Immisch , Tom Weber , Stefan Wermter

Learning good feature representations is important for deep reinforcement learning (RL). However, with limited experience, RL often suffers from data inefficiency for training. For un-experienced or less-experienced trajectories (i.e.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Tao Yu , Cuiling Lan , Wenjun Zeng , Mingxiao Feng , Zhizheng Zhang , Zhibo Chen