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We prove that Arithmetical Comprehension is equivalent to the determinacy of all clopen integer games in which each player has at most two moves per turn.

Logic · Mathematics 2025-10-15 Juan Pablo Aguilera , Thibaut Kouptchinsky

Motivated by the recent 10 million dollar AIMO challenge, this paper targets the problem of finding all functions conforming to a given specification. This is a popular problem at mathematical competitions and it brings about a number of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Chad E. Brown , Mikoláš Janota , Mirek Olšák

We study the algorithmic complexity of Maker-Breaker games played on the edge sets of general graphs. We mainly consider the perfect matching game and the $H$-game. Maker wins if she claims the edges of a perfect matching in the first, and…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Eric Duchêne , Valentin Gledel , Fionn Mc Inerney , Nicolas Nisse , Nacim Oijid , Aline Parreau , Miloš Stojaković

This paper investigates repeated win-lose coordination games (WLC-games). We analyse which protocols are optimal for these games covering both the worst case and average case scenarios, i,e., optimizing the guaranteed and expected…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-04-17 Antti Kuusisto , Raine Rönnholm

We study \emph{partial-information} two-player turn-based games on graphs with omega-regular objectives, when the partial-information player has \emph{limited memory}. Such games are a natural formalization for reactive synthesis when the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Dhananjay Raju , Rüdiger Ehlers , Ufuk Topcu

Recently, a standardized framework was proposed for introducing quantum-inspired moves in mathematical games with perfect information and no chance. The beauty of quantum games-succinct in representation, rich in structures, explosive in…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Kyle Burke , Matthew Ferland , Shang-Hua Teng

We consider the following modification of annihilation game called node blocking. Given a directed graph, each vertex can be occupied by at most one token. There are two types of tokens, each player can move his type of tokens. The players…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-03-05 Dariusz Dereniowski

We provide two methodologies in the area of computation theory to solve optimal strategies for board games such as Xi Gua Qi and Go. From experimental results, we find relevance to graph theory, matrix representation, and mathematical…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2025-03-05 Chun-Kai Hwang , John Reuben Gilbert , Tsung-Ren Huang , Chen-An Tsai , Yen-Jen Oyang

We demonstrate that Col is PSPACE-complete on triangular grid graphs via a reduction from Bounded Two-Player Constraint Logic. This is the most structured graph family that Col is known to be computationally hard for.

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Kyle Burke , Craig Tennenhouse

Go has long been considered as a testbed for artificial intelligence. By introducing certain quantum features, such as superposition and collapse of wavefunction, we experimentally demonstrate a quantum version of Go by using correlated…

The Game of Poker Chips, Dominoes and Survival fosters team building and high level cooperation in large groups, and is a tool applied in management training exercises. Each player, initially given two colored poker chips, is allowed to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-09-02 Larry Goldstein

A poset game is a two-player game played over a partially ordered set (poset) in which the players alternate choosing an element of the poset, removing it and all elements greater than it. The first player unable to select an element of the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-03-20 Daniel Grier

The complexity class $PSPACE$ includes all computational problems that can be solved by a classical computer with polynomial memory. All $PSPACE$ problems are known to be solvable by a quantum computer too with polynomial memory and are,…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Shibdas Roy

We prove PSPACE-completeness of two classic types of Chess problems when generalized to n-by-n boards. A "retrograde" problem asks whether it is possible for a position to be reached from a natural starting position, i.e., whether the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Josh Brunner , Erik D. Demaine , Dylan Hendrickson , Julian Wellman

This paper investigates the problems arising in the construction of a program to play the game of contract bridge. These problems include both the difficulty of solving the game's perfect information variant, and techniques needed to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-06-06 M. L. Ginsberg

Given a graph $G$, a set $S$ of vertices in $G$ is a general position set if no triple of vertices from $S$ lie on a common shortest path in $G$. The general position achievement/avoidance game is played on a graph $G$ by players A and B…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-09-14 Ullas Chandran S. V. , Sandi Klavzar , Neethu P. K. , Rudini Sampaio

We study the computational complexity of the Buttons \& Scissors game and obtain sharp thresholds with respect to several parameters. Specifically we show that the game is NP-complete for $C = 2$ colors but polytime solvable for $C = 1$.…

Rikudo is a number-placement puzzle, where the player is asked to complete a Hamiltonian path on a hexagonal grid, given some clues (numbers already placed and edges of the path). We prove that the game is complete for NP, even if the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Viet-Ha Nguyen , Kévin Perrot

Temporal graphs extend ordinary graphs with discrete time that affects the availability of edges. We consider solving games played on temporal graphs where one player aims to explore the graph, i.e., visit all vertices. The complexity…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Pete Austin , Nicolas Mazzocchi , Sougata Bose , Patrick Totzke

In this paper, we study the algorithmic complexity of the Mastermind game, where results are single-color black pegs. This differs from the usual dual-color version of the game, but better corresponds to applications in genetics. We show…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2009-05-13 Michael T. Goodrich