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According to scientific realism, science gives us an approximately true description of what the world is like. But what does it mean? In this chapter, we focus on the ontological and metaphysical aspects of this discussion. That is, we are…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2022-01-17 Raoni Wohnrath Arroyo , Jonas R. B. Arenhart

Masanes, Galley and M\"uller [1] argue that the measurement postulates of non-relativistic quantum mechanics follow from the structural postulates together with an assumption they call the "possibility of state estimation". Their argument…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-21 Adrian Kent

QBism regards quantum mechanics as an addition to probability theory. The addition provides an extra normative rule for decision-making agents concerned with gambling across experimental contexts, somewhat in analogy to the double-slit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-25 Christopher A. Fuchs , Maxim Olshanii , Matthew B. Weiss

Quantum "states" are objective probability measures. Because their dependence on a time is not the time dependence of an evolving state, they are neither states of Nature nor "states of knowledge." There is no such thing as an evolving…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Ulrich Mohrhoff

The question whether quantum measurements reflect some underlying objective reality has no generally accepted answer. We show that description of such reality is possible under natural conditions such as linearity and causality, although in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-15 Adam Bednorz

In this article, we derive a unique procedure for quantum state estimation from a simple, self-evident principle: an experimentalist's estimate of the quantum state generated by an apparatus should be constrained by honesty. A skeptical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Robin Blume-Kohout , Patrick Hayden

The thought experiment called Wigner's Friend has experienced a renewal of interest for interrogating the meaning of intersubjectivity and objectivity in quantum mechanics. These new inquiries extend to investigations at the intersection of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-26 Gino Elia , Jennifer Carter , Robert Crease

In the Bayesian approach to probability theory, probability quantifies a degree of belief for a single trial, without any a priori connection to limiting frequencies. In this paper we show that, despite being prescribed by a fundamental…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Carlton M. Caves , Christopher A. Fuchs , Ruediger Schack

Quantum mechanics is a fundamentally probabilistic theory (at least so far as the empirical predictions are concerned). It follows that, if one wants to properly understand quantum mechanics, it is essential to clearly understand the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 D. M. Appleby

This paper offers a critique of the Bayesian interpretation of quantum mechanics with particular focus on a paper by Caves, Fuchs, and Schack containing a critique of the "objective preparations view" or OPV. It also aims to carry the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-02-04 Ulrich Mohrhoff

In this short essay we reject the interpretation of quantum theory called quantum Bayesianism (Qbism) which has been promoted recently by David Mermin in his essay published in Nature. According to Qbism quantum states are personal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-01 Marian Kupczynski

Unlike mathematics, in which the notion of truth might be abstract, in physics, the emphasis must be placed on algorithmic procedures for obtaining numerical results subject to the experimental verifiability. For, a physical science is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-02 Arkady Bolotin

The paper proves that quantum mechanics is compatible with the constructive realism of modern philosophy of science. The proof is based on the observation that properties of quantum systems that are uniquely determined by their preparations…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-06-17 Petr Hajicek

According to QBism, quantum states, unitary evolutions, and measurement operators are all understood as personal judgments of the agent using the formalism. Meanwhile, quantum measurement outcomes are understood as the personal experiences…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-19 John B. DeBrota , Christopher A. Fuchs , Ruediger Schack

Is quantum mechanics about 'states'? Or is it basically another kind of probability theory? It is argued that the elementary formalism of quantum mechanics operates as a well-justified alternative to 'classical' instantiations of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-10-28 Jean-Michel Delhotel

The notion of state vector is, in quantum mechanics, as central as it is problematic, as illustrates the wealth of publications about the sub- jects, including in particular the many attempts to obtain an acceptable interpretation of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-07 Olivier Brunet

In this paper we consider theories in which reality is described by some underlying variables. Each value these variables can take represents an ontic state (a particular state of reality). The preparation of a quantum state corresponds to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-05 Lucien Hardy

The key observation about quantum reality is that it often appears as if, at some moment, the probability of a quantum event becomes a definite outcome for us. A careful analysis suggests, however, that what we perceive as a definite state…

General Physics · Physics 2025-10-22 Aleksandar Perisic

It is argued that the usual postulates of quantum mechanics are too strong. It is conjectured that it is possible to interpret all experiments if we maintain the formalism of quantum theory without modification, but weaken the postulates…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-03 Emilio Santos

In this short review I present my personal reflections on QBism. I have no intrinsic sympathy neither to QBism nor to subjective interpretation of probability in general. However, I have been following development of QBism from its very…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-18 Andrei Khrennikov