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We study straight-line drawings of graphs where the vertices are placed in convex position in the plane, i.e., \emph{convex drawings}. We consider two families of graph classes with convex drawings: \emph{outer $k$-planar} graphs, where…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-01-29 Steven Chaplick , Myroslav Kryven , Giuseppe Liotta , Andre Löffler , Alexander Wolff

A proper coloring of vertices of a graph is equitable if the sizes of any two color classes differ by at most 1. Such colorings have many applications and are interesting by themselves. In this paper, we discuss the state of art and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-22 H. A. Kierstead , Alexandr Kostochka , Zimu Xiang

In this paper, we study two problems related to planar matchings in random bipartite graphs. First, we colour each edge of the complete bipartite graph $K_{n,n}$ uniformly randomly from amongst ${r}$ colours and show that if ${r}$ grows…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-01-13 Ghurumuruhan Ganesan

In a bounded max-coloring of a vertex/edge weighted graph, each color class is of cardinality at most $b$ and of weight equal to the weight of the heaviest vertex/edge in this class. The bounded max-vertex/edge-coloring problems ask for…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2009-04-13 Evripidis Bampis , Alexander Kononov , Giorgio Lucarelli , Ioannis Milis

For $1\leq s_1 \le s_2 \le \ldots \le s_k$ and a graph $G$, a packing $(s_1, s_2, \ldots, s_k)$-coloring of $G$ is a partition of $V(G)$ into sets $V_1, V_2, \ldots, V_k$ such that, for each $1\leq i \leq k$, the distance between any two…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-05-26 Alexandr Kostochka , Xujun Liu

A vertex colouring of a graph is \emph{nonrepetitive} if there is no path for which the first half of the path is assigned the same sequence of colours as the second half. The \emph{nonrepetitive chromatic number} of a graph $G$ is the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-12-23 Vida Dujmović , Fabrizio Frati , Gwenaël Joret , David R. Wood

For all positive integers $r\geq 3$ and $n$ such that $r^2-r$ divides $n$ and an affine plane of order $r$ exists, we construct an $r$-edge colored graph with minimum degree $(1-\frac{r-2}{r^2-r})n-2$ such that the largest monochromatic…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-06-17 Louis DeBiasio , Robert A. Krueger

For planar graphs, we consider the problems of \emph{list edge coloring} and \emph{list total coloring}. Edge coloring is the problem of coloring the edges while ensuring that two edges that are adjacent receive different colors. Total…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2014-05-15 Marthe Bonamy , Benjamin Lévêque , Alexandre Pinlou

Given an $r$-edge-coloured complete graph $K_n$, how many monochromatic connected components does one need in order to cover its vertex set? This natural question is a well-known essentially equivalent formulation of the classical Ryser's…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-07-07 Domagoj Bradač , Matija Bucić

We consider vertex coloring of an acyclic digraph $\Gdag$ in such a way that two vertices which have a common ancestor in $\Gdag$ receive distinct colors. Such colorings arise in a natural way when bounding space for various genetic data…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-06-12 Geir Agnarsson , Agust Egilsson , Magnus Mar Halldorsson

We introduce a generalization of the well known graph (vertex) coloring problem, which we call the problem of \emph{component coloring of graphs}. Given a graph, the problem is to color the vertices using minimum number of colors so that…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2012-11-06 Ajit Diwan , Soumitra Pal , Abhiram Ranade

A graph is 1-planar if it can be drawn on a plane so that each edge is crossed by at most one other edge. In this paper, we first give a useful structural theorem for 1-planar graphs, and then apply it to the list edge and list total…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-12-17 Xin Zhang , Bei Niu , Jiguo Yu

In this paper, we study the group and list group colorings of total graphs and we give two group versions of the total and list total colorings conjectures. We establish the group version of the total coloring conjecture for the following…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-05-26 H. J. Lai , G. R. Omidi , G. Raeisi

We show that any planar drawing of a forest of three stars whose vertices are constrained to be at fixed vertex locations may require $\Omega(n^\frac{2}{3})$ edges each having $\Omega(n^\frac{1}{3})$ bends in the worst case. The lower bound…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2017-08-31 Emilio Di Giacomo , Leszek Gasieniec , Giuseppe Liotta , Alfredo Navarra

The Four color problem is closely related to other branches of mathematics and practical applications. More than 20 of its reformulations are known, which connect this problem with problems of algebra, statistical mechanics and planning.…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2024-05-10 Sergey Kurapov , Maxim Davidovsky

This paper investigates vertex colorings of graphs such that some rainbow subgraph~$R$ and some monochromatic subgraph $M$ are forbidden. Previous work focussed on the case that $R=M$. Here we consider the more general case, especially the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-01-27 Wayne Goddard , Honghai Xu

In his PhD Thesis, E.R. Scheinerman conjectured that planar graphs are intersection graphs of line segments in the plane. This conjecture was proved with two different approaches by J. Chalopin and the author, and by the author, L.…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Daniel Gonçalves

This paper is concerned with efficiently coloring sparse graphs in the distributed setting with as few colors as possible. According to the celebrated Four Color Theorem, planar graphs can be colored with at most 4 colors, and the proof…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-28 Pierre Aboulker , Marthe Bonamy , Nicolas Bousquet , Louis Esperet

A graph is outer-1-planar if it can be drawn in the plane so that all vertices are on the outer face and each edge is crossed at most once. In this paper, we completely determine the edge chromatic number of outer 1-planar graphs.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-05-15 Xin Zhang

A $k$-subcoloring of a graph is a partition of the vertex set into at most $k$ cluster graphs, that is, graphs with no induced $P_3$. 2-subcoloring is known to be NP-complete for comparability graphs and three subclasses of planar graphs,…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-02-07 Pascal Ochem