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Spatial statistics is concerned with the analysis of data that have spatial locations associated with them, and those locations are used to model statistical dependence between the data. The spatial data are treated as a single realisation…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-02-09 Noel Cressie , Matthew Sainsbury-Dale , Andrew Zammit-Mangion

For a long time, many methods are developed to make temporal signal analyses based on time series. However, for geographical systems, spatial signal analyses are as important as temporal signal analyses. Nonstationary spatial and temporal…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-12-29 Yanguang Chen , Yuqing Long

Existing self-supervised learning (SSL) methods primarily learn object-invariant representations but often neglect the spatial structure and relationships among object parts. To address this limitation, we introduce Spatial Prediction (SP),…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yang Shen , Yusen Cai , Weronika Hryniewska-Guzik , Qing Lin , Mengmi Zhang

Spatial statistics is dominated by spatial autocorrelation (SAC) based Kriging and BHM, and spatial local heterogeneity based hotspots and geographical regression methods, appraised as the first and second laws of Geography (Tobler 1970;…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-03-07 Jinfeng Wang , Robert Haining , Tonglin Zhang , Chengdong Xu , Maogui Hu

Traditional spatio-temporal models for areal data typically begin with spatial structure imposed at the level of random effects and later extend to include temporal dynamics. We propose an alternative hierarchical modeling framework that…

Epidemiologists commonly use regional aggregates of health outcomes to map mortality or incidence rates and identify geographic disparities. However, to detect health disparities across regions, it is necessary to identify "difference…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-14 Luca Aiello , Sudipto Banerjee

Visual autoregressive (VAR) models have recently emerged as a promising alternative for image generation, offering stable training, non-iterative inference, and high-fidelity synthesis through next-scale prediction. This encourages the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Cencen Liu , Dongyang Zhang , Wen Yin , Jielei Wang , Tianyu Li , Ji Guo , Wenbo Jiang , Guoqing Wang , Guoming Lu

Empirical research in economics often examines the behavior of agents located in a geographic space. In such cases, statistical inference is complicated by the interdependence of economic outcomes across locations. A common approach to…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-04-21 Stefano DellaVigna , Guido Imbens , Woojin Kim , David M. Ritzwoller

In statistics, the Durbin-Watson test is always employed to detect the presence of serial correlation of residuals from a least squares regression analysis. However, the Durbin-Watson statistic is only suitable for ordered time or spatial…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-12-19 Yanguang Chen

We present a novel Bayesian spatial disaggregation model for count data, providing fast and flexible inference at high resolution. First, it incorporates non-linear covariate effects using penalized splines, a flexible approach that is not…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-13 Sara Rutten , Thomas Neyens , Elisa Duarte , Christel Faes

Hotspot detection aims at identifying subgroups in the observations that are unexpected, with respect to the some baseline information. For instance, in disease surveillance, the purpose is to detect sub-regions in spatiotemporal space,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-09-23 Hadi Fanaee-T , João Gama

Covariate-adaptive randomization (CAR) procedures are frequently used in comparative studies to increase the covariate balance across treatment groups. However, because randomization inevitably uses the covariate information when forming…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-07-08 Wei Ma , Yichen Qin , Yang Li , Feifang Hu

Identifying spatially contiguous clusters and repeated spatial patterns (RSP) characterized by similar underlying distributions that are spatially apart is a key challenge in modern spatial statistics. Existing constrained clustering…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-23 Rajitha Senanayake , Pratheepa Jeganathan

There has been a wide interest to extend univariate and multivariate nonparametric procedures to clustered and hierarchical data. Traditionally, parametric mixed models have been used to account for the correlation structures among the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-03-02 Jaakko Nevalainen , Denis Larocque , Hannu Oja , Ilkka Pörsti

Spatial econometric research typically relies on the assumption that the spatial dependence structure is known in advance and is represented by a deterministic spatial weights matrix. Contrary to classical approaches, we investigate the…

Computation · Statistics 2023-10-24 Miryam S. Merk , Philipp Otto

Spatial dependent data frequently occur in many fields such as spatial econometrics and epidemiology. To deal with the dependence of variables and estimate quantile-specific effects by covariates, spatial quantile autoregressive models…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-11-16 Ping Dong , Jiawei Hou , Yunquan Song

This paper advances the local projections (LP) method by addressing its inefficiency in high-frequency economic and financial data with volatility clustering. We incorporate a generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-03-05 Chew Lian Chua , David Gunawan , Sandy Suardi

We study the problem of clustering sequences of unlabeled point sets taken from a common metric space. Such scenarios arise naturally in applications where a system or process is observed in distinct time intervals, such as biological…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-10-17 Tamal K. Dey , Alfred Rossi , Anastasios Sidiropoulos

In spite of considerable practical importance, current algorithmic fairness literature lacks technical methods to account for underlying geographic dependency while evaluating or mitigating bias issues for spatial data. We initiate the…

Applications · Statistics 2022-01-31 Subhabrata Majumdar , Cheryl Flynn , Ritwik Mitra

Spatial clustering has been widely used for spatial data mining and knowledge discovery. An ideal multivariate spatial clustering should consider both spatial contiguity and aspatial attributes. Existing spatial clustering approaches may…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-01 Yuhao Kang , Kunlin Wu , Song Gao , Ignavier Ng , Jinmeng Rao , Shan Ye , Fan Zhang , Teng Fei