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Multilingual machine translation systems aim to make knowledge accessible across languages, yet learning effective cross-lingual representations remains challenging. These challenges are especially pronounced for low-resource languages,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 David Stap

Most state-of-the-art models in natural language processing (NLP) are neural models built on top of large, pre-trained, contextual language models that generate representations of words in context and are fine-tuned for the task at hand.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Brian Lester , Daniel Pressel , Amy Hemmeter , Sagnik Ray Choudhury , Srinivas Bangalore

Interpretability researchers have attempted to understand MLP neurons of language models based on both the contexts in which they activate and their output weight vectors. They have paid little attention to a complementary aspect: the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Sebastian Gerstner , Hinrich Schütze

Mechanistic interpretability aims to explain what a neural network has learned at a nuts-and-bolts level. What are the fundamental primitives of neural network representations? Previous mechanistic descriptions have used individual neurons…

Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are playing important roles in state-of-the-art visual recognition. This paper focuses on modeling the spatial co-occurrence of neuron responses, which is less studied in the previous work. For…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-07-25 Lingxi Xie , Qi Tian , John Flynn , Jingdong Wang , Alan Yuille

While large language models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable success in multilingual translation, their internal core translation mechanisms, even at the fundamental word level, remain insufficiently understood. To address this critical gap,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Hongbin Zhang , Kehai Chen , Xuefeng Bai , Xiucheng Li , Yang Xiang , Min Zhang

Neuron Interpretation has gained traction in the field of interpretability, and have provided fine-grained insights into what a model learns and how language knowledge is distributed amongst its different components. However, the lack of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Yimin Fan , Fahim Dalvi , Nadir Durrani , Hassan Sajjad

Recent studies have suggested a processing framework for multilingual inputs in decoder-based LLMs: early layers convert inputs into English-centric and language-agnostic representations; middle layers perform reasoning within an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Hinata Tezuka , Naoya Inoue

Fine-grained visual recognition is challenging because it highly relies on the modeling of various semantic parts and fine-grained feature learning. Bilinear pooling based models have been shown to be effective at fine-grained recognition,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-27 Chaojian Yu , Xinyi Zhao , Qi Zheng , Peng Zhang , Xinge You

We present an interpretable neural network approach to predicting and understanding politeness in natural language requests. Our models are based on simple convolutional neural networks directly on raw text, avoiding any manual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-10-11 Malika Aubakirova , Mohit Bansal

Cross-lingual representation learning is an important step in making NLP scale to all the world's languages. Recent work on bilingual lexicon induction suggests that it is possible to learn cross-lingual representations of words based on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-19 Mareike Hartmann , Anders Soegaard

Over the last two decades we have witnessed strong progress on modeling visual object classes, scenes and attributes that have significantly contributed to automated image understanding. On the other hand, surprisingly little progress has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-05-06 Mateusz Malinowski , Mario Fritz

Driven by the appealing properties of neural fields for storing and communicating 3D data, the problem of directly processing them to address tasks such as classification and part segmentation has emerged and has been investigated in recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Adriano Cardace , Pierluigi Zama Ramirez , Francesco Ballerini , Allan Zhou , Samuele Salti , Luigi Di Stefano

Neural language models have achieved state-of-the-art performances on many NLP tasks, and recently have been shown to learn a number of hierarchically-sensitive syntactic dependencies between individual words. However, equally important for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-11 Aixiu An , Peng Qian , Ethan Wilcox , Roger Levy

Most previous studies integrate cognitive language processing signals (e.g., eye-tracking or EEG data) into neural models of natural language processing (NLP) just by directly concatenating word embeddings with cognitive features, ignoring…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Yuqi Ren , Deyi Xiong

Contextual word representations derived from large-scale neural language models are successful across a diverse set of NLP tasks, suggesting that they encode useful and transferable features of language. To shed light on the linguistic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-29 Nelson F. Liu , Matt Gardner , Yonatan Belinkov , Matthew E. Peters , Noah A. Smith

Neural machine translation is a recently proposed approach to machine translation. Unlike the traditional statistical machine translation, the neural machine translation aims at building a single neural network that can be jointly tuned to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-05-23 Dzmitry Bahdanau , Kyunghyun Cho , Yoshua Bengio

With the promising progress of deep neural networks, layer aggregation has been used to fuse information across layers in various fields, such as computer vision and machine translation. However, most of the previous methods combine layers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-02-18 Zi-Yi Dou , Zhaopeng Tu , Xing Wang , Longyue Wang , Shuming Shi , Tong Zhang

Understanding the function of individual neurons within language models is essential for mechanistic interpretability research. We propose $\textbf{Neuron to Graph (N2G)}$, a tool which takes a neuron and its dataset examples, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Alex Foote , Neel Nanda , Esben Kran , Ionnis Konstas , Fazl Barez

Several studies have explored the mechanisms of large language models (LLMs) in coding tasks, but most have focused on programming languages (PLs) in a monolingual setting. In this paper, we investigate the relationship between multiple PLs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Amir Hossein Kargaran , Yihong Liu , François Yvon , Hinrich Schütze