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The notion of an Evolutional Deep Neural Network (EDNN) is introduced for the solution of partial differential equations (PDE). The parameters of the network are trained to represent the initial state of the system only, and are…

Computational Physics · Physics 2021-10-13 Yifan Du , Tamer A. Zaki

We develop a class of data-driven generative models that approximate the solution operator for parameter-dependent partial differential equations (PDE). We propose a novel probabilistic formulation of the operator learning problem based on…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-21 Ting Wang , Petr Plechac , Jaroslaw Knap

Numerical solution of partial differential equations (PDEs) plays a vital role in various fields of science and engineering. In recent years, deep neural networks (DNNs) have emerged as a powerful tool for solving PDEs, leveraging their…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-16 Shuo Ling , Wenjun Ying , Zhen Zhang

Differential equations in general and neural ODEs in particular are an essential technique in continuous-time system identification. While many deterministic learning algorithms have been designed based on numerical integration via the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-18 Lenart Treven , Philippe Wenk , Florian Dörfler , Andreas Krause

Unveiling the underlying governing equations of nonlinear dynamic systems remains a significant challenge. Insufficient prior knowledge hinders the determination of an accurate candidate library, while noisy observations lead to imprecise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Mengge Du , Yuntian Chen , Longfeng Nie , Siyu Lou , Dongxiao Zhang

Recent works have shown that deep neural networks can be employed to solve partial differential equations, giving rise to the framework of physics informed neural networks. We introduce a generalization for these methods that manifests as a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-03-25 Remco van der Meer , Cornelis Oosterlee , Anastasia Borovykh

We present a deep learning emulator for stochastic and chaotic spatio-temporal systems, explicitly conditioned on the parameter values of the underlying partial differential equations (PDEs). Our approach involves pre-training the model on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Ira J. S. Shokar , Rich R. Kerswell , Peter H. Haynes

Partial differential equations (PDEs) serve as the cornerstone of mathematical physics. In recent years, Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have significantly reduced the dependence on large datasets by embedding physical laws…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Wenxuan Huo , Qiang He , Gang Zhu , Weifeng Huang

Ordinary and partial differential equations (ODEs/PDEs) play a paramount role in analyzing and simulating complex dynamic processes across all corners of science and engineering. In recent years machine learning tools are aspiring to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-11 Sifan Wang , Paris Perdikaris

In this paper we establish a connection between non-convex optimization methods for training deep neural networks and nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs). Relaxation techniques arising in statistical physics which have already…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-06-05 Pratik Chaudhari , Adam Oberman , Stanley Osher , Stefano Soatto , Guillaume Carlier

We present DeepFDM, a differentiable finite-difference framework for learning spatially varying coefficients in time-dependent partial differential equations (PDEs). By embedding a classical forward-Euler discretization into a convolutional…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-07-30 Patrick Chatain , Michael Rizvi-Martel , Guillaume Rabusseau , Adam Oberman

Neural networks are one tool for approximating non-linear differential equations used in scientific computing tasks such as surrogate modeling, real-time predictions, and optimal control. PDE foundation models utilize neural networks to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Elisa Negrini , Yuxuan Liu , Liu Yang , Stanley J. Osher , Hayden Schaeffer

Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) are central to science and engineering. Since solving them is computationally expensive, a lot of effort has been put into approximating their solution operator via both traditional and recently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Alessandro Longhi , Danny Lathouwers , Zoltán Perkó

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have recently emerged as an alternative way of solving partial differential equations (PDEs) without the need of building elaborate grids, instead, using a straightforward implementation. In…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-09-04 Dongkun Zhang , Lu Lu , Ling Guo , George Em Karniadakis

Identifying parameters in partial differential equations (PDEs) represents a very broad class of applied inverse problems. In recent years, several unsupervised learning approaches using (deep) neural networks have been developed to solve…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-08-22 Siyu Cen , Bangti Jin , Qimeng Quan , Zhi Zhou

It is one of the most challenging issues in applied mathematics to approximately solve high-dimensional partial differential equations (PDEs) and most of the numerical approximation methods for PDEs in the scientific literature suffer from…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-06-04 Fabian Hornung , Arnulf Jentzen , Diyora Salimova

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are an increasingly powerful way to solve partial differential equations, generate digital twins, and create neural surrogates of physical models. In this manuscript we detail the inner workings of…

Partial differential equations (PDEs) are among the most universal and parsimonious descriptions of natural physical laws, capturing a rich variety of phenomenology and multi-scale physics in a compact and symbolic representation. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Steven L. Brunton , J. Nathan Kutz

Foundation models for partial differential equations (PDEs) have emerged as powerful surrogates pre-trained on diverse physical systems, but adapting them to new downstream tasks remains challenging due to limited task-specific data and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Vlad Medvedev , Leon Armbruster , Christopher Straub , Georg Kruse , Andreas Rosskopf

Embedding physical knowledge into neural network (NN) training has been a hot topic. However, when facing the complex real-world, most of the existing methods still strongly rely on the quantity and quality of observation data. Furthermore,…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-11-20 Dashan Zhang , Yuntian Chen , Shiyi Chen