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We consider optimization problems involving the multiplication of variable matrices to be selected from a given family, which might be a discrete set, a continuous set or a combination of both. Such nonlinear, and possibly discrete,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-03-12 Burak Kocuk

Recent advances in quantum computing and the increasing availability of quantum hardware have substantially enhanced the practical relevance of quantum approaches to discrete optimization. Among these, the Quadratic Unconstrained Binary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-12 Felix P. Broesamle , Stefan Nickel

We introduce a novel Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) formulation method for spanning tree problems. Instead of encoding the presence of edges in the tree individually, we opt to encode spanning trees as a permutation…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Ivan Carvalho

In this paper we focus on the unconstrained binary quadratic optimization model, maximize x^t Qx, x binary, and consider the problem of identifying optimal solutions that are robust with respect to perturbations in the Q matrix.. We are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-09-25 Mark Lewis , Gary Kochenberger , John Metcalfe

Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) is a standard NP-hard optimization problem. Recently, it has gained renewed interest through quantum computing, as QUBOs directly reduce to the Ising model, on which quantum annealing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-16 Katalin Friedl , Levente Gegő , László Kabódi , Viktória Nemkin

Quadratic unconstrained binary optimization problems (QUBOs) are intensively discussed in the realm of quantum computing and polynomial optimization. We provide a vast experimental study of semidefinite programming (SDP) relaxations of…

Quantum computing offers significant potential for solving NP-hard combinatorial (optimization) problems that are beyond the reach of classical computers. One way to tap into this potential is by reformulating combinatorial problems as a…

In this paper, the compact linearization approach originally proposed for binary quadratic programs with assignment constraints is generalized to such programs with arbitrary linear equations and inequalities that have positive coefficients…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-08-28 Sven Mallach

A significant progress has been made in the past three decades over the study of combinatorial NP optimization problems and their associated optimization and approximate classes, such as NPO, PO, APX (or APXP), and PTAS. Unfortunately, a…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-01-07 Tomoyuki Yamakami

We propose an approach to solving constrained combinatorial optimization problems based on embedding the concept of Lagrangian duality into the framework of adiabatic quantum computation. Within the setting of circuit-model fault-tolerant…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-04-30 Einar Gabbassov , Gili Rosenberg , Artur Scherer

The NP-hard problem of optimizing a quadratic form over the unimodular vector set arises in radar code design scenarios as well as other active sensing and communication applications. To tackle this problem (which we call unimodular…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2014-10-22 Mojtaba Soltanalian , Petre Stoica

In this paper it is shown that the compact linearization approach, that has been previously proposed only for binary quadratic problems with assignment constraints, can be generalized to arbitrary linear equations with positive coefficients…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-12-19 Sven Mallach

Quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) provides problem formulations for various computational problems that can be solved with dedicated QUBO solvers, which can be based on classical or quantum computation. A common approach to…

Routing and scheduling problems are fundamental problems in combinatorial optimization, and also have many applications. Most variations of these problems are NP-Hard, so we need to use heuristics to solve these problems on large instances,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-02-20 Arindam Pal

Combinatorial optimization problems are typically formulated using Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO), where constraints are enforced through penalty terms that introduce auxiliary variables and rapidly increase Hamiltonian…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-10 Shashank Sanjay Bhat , Peiyong Wang , Joseph West , Udaya Parampalli

The broad applicability of Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) constitutes a general-purpose modeling framework for combinatorial optimization problems and are a required format for gate array and quantum annealing computers.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Amit Verma , Mark Lewis

Shifted combinatorial optimization is a new nonlinear optimization framework which is a broad extension of standard combinatorial optimization, involving the choice of several feasible solutions at a time. This framework captures well…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2021-02-25 Jakub Gajarský , Petr Hliněný , Martin Koutecký , Shmuel Onn

This tutorial offers a quick, hands-on introduction to solving Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) models on currently available quantum computers and their simulators. We cover both IBM and D-Wave machines: IBM utilizes a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-18 Arul Mazumder , Sridhar Tayur

The peptide-protein docking problem is an important problem in structural biology that facilitates rational and efficient drug design. In this work, we explore modeling and solving this problem with the quantum-amenable quadratic…

The LogQ algorithm encodes Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) problems with exponentially fewer qubits than the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA). The advantages of conventional LogQ are accompanied by a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-14 Yagnik Chatterjee , Jérémie Messud