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The number of parameters describing a quantum state is well known to grow exponentially with the number of particles. This scaling clearly limits our ability to do tomography to systems with no more than a few qubits and has been used to…

We describe an algorithm for quantum state tomography that converges in polynomial time to an estimate, together with a rigorous error bound on the fidelity between the estimate and the true state. The result suggests that state tomography…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-02-23 Steven T. Flammia , David Gross , Stephen D. Bartlett , Rolando Somma

We introduce an architecture for neural quantum states for many-body quantum-mechanical systems, based on normalizing flows. The use of normalizing flows enables efficient uncorrelated sampling of configurations from the probability…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-05 Scott Lawrence , Arlee Shelby , Yukari Yamauchi

Recently, tremendous progress has been made in the field of quantum science and technologies: different platforms for quantum simulation as well as quantum computing, ranging from superconducting qubits to neutral atoms, are starting to…

Estimating observable expectation values in eigenstates of quantum systems has a broad range of applications and is an area where early fault-tolerant quantum computers may provide practical quantum advantage. We develop a hybrid…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 Bence Bakó , Tenzan Araki , Bálint Koczor

This is the documentation for generating random samples from the quantum state space in accordance with a specified distribution, associated with this webpage: http://tinyurl.com/QSampling . Ready-made samples (each with at least a million…

To improve the efficiency of the state tomography strategy via weak value, we have searched the optimal coupling strength between the system and measuring device. For an arbitrary d-dimensional quantum system, the optimal strengths being…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-23 Xuanmin Zhu , Dezheng Zhang , Runping Gao , Qun wei , Lixia Liu , Zijiang Luo

Recent work has revealed that the wave function of a pure state can be measured directly and that complementary knowledge of a quantum system can be obtained simultaneously by weak measurements. However, the original scheme applies only to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-02-04 Shengjun Wu

Random samples of quantum states are an important resource for various tasks in quantum information science, and samples in accordance with a problem-specific distribution can be indispensable ingredients. Some algorithms generate random…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-18 Rui Han , Weijun Li , Shrobona Bagchi , Hui Khoon Ng , Berthold-Georg Englert

Well-controlled quantum devices with their increasing system size face a new roadblock hindering further development of quantum technologies: The effort of quantum tomography---the characterization of processes and states within a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-05-26 C. A. Riofrio , D. Gross , S. T. Flammia , T. Monz , D. Nigg , R. Blatt , J. Eisert

We study the complexity of two closely related learning problems, one quantum and one classical. In the quantum setting, we consider agnostic tomography for the natural class of product mixed states. Given $N$ copies of an $n$-qubit state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-30 Alvan Arulandu , Ilias Diakonikolas , Daniel Kane , Jerry Li

This thesis presents an efficient quantum algorithm and explicit circuits for generating eigenstates of arbitrary SU(2) and SU(3) representations. These include a wide variety of highly entangled states. The algorithm uses Schur transform…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-09-12 Satya Sainadh U

We initiate the study of sample-optimal quantum state tomography with minimal disturbance to the samples. Can we efficiently learn a precise description of a quantum state through sequential measurements of samples while at the same time…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-06 Josep Lumbreras , Mikhail Terekhov , Marco Tomamichel

Establishing a predictive ab initio method for solid systems is one of the fundamental goals in condensed matter physics and computational materials science. The central challenge is how to encode a highly-complex quantum-many-body wave…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-05-25 Nobuyuki Yoshioka , Wataru Mizukami , Franco Nori

In quantum information technology, crucial information is regularly encoded in different quantum states. To extract information, the identification of one state from the others is inevitable. However, if the states are non-orthogonal and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-17 Lu-Ji Wang , Jia-Yi Lin , Shengjun Wu

In this paper, we examine a variety of strategies for numerical quantum-state estimation from data of the sort commonly measured in experiments involving quantum state tomography. We find that, in some important circumstances, an elaborate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-09-16 Max S. Kaznady , Daniel F. V. James

Quantum state tomography is a fundamental task in quantum computing, involving the reconstruction of an unknown quantum state from measurement outcomes. Although essential, it is typically introduced at the graduate level due to its…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-14 Mohammad Aamir Sohail , Ranga Sudharshan , S. Sandeep Pradhan , Arvind Rao

As quantum technologies advance, the ability to generate increasingly large quantum states has experienced rapid development. In this context, the verification and estimation of large entangled systems represents one of the main challenges…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-30 Joshua Morris , Valeria Saggio , Aleksandra Gočanin , Borivoje Dakić

Quantum state tomography is a key process in most quantum experiments. In this work, we employ quantum machine learning for state tomography. Given an unknown quantum state, it can be learned by maximizing the fidelity between the output of…

We review and extend, in a self-contained way, the mathematical foundations of numerical simulation methods that are based on the use of random states. The power and versatility of this simulation technology is illustrated by calculations…