Related papers: Clarifying spatial distance measurement
Cosmic spatial curvature is a fundamental geometric quantity of the Universe. We investigate a model independent, geometric approach to measure spatial curvature directly from observations, without any derivatives of data. This employs…
Spacetime, understood as a globally hyperbolic manifold, may be characterized by spectral data using a 3+1 splitting into space and time, a description of space by spectral triples and by employing causal relationships, as proposed earlier.…
Formulating a perfect fluid filled spherically symmetric metric utilizing the 3+1 formalism for general relativity, we show that the metric coefficients are completely determined by the mass-energy distribution, and its time rate of change…
Inspired by the work of Wheeler among others, we have studied the problem of quantum measurements of space-time distances by applying the general principles of quantum mechanics as well as those of general relativity. Contrary to the…
We develop an extension of special relativity in $1+3$ dimensional spacetime to account for superluminal inertial observers and show that such an extension rules out the conventional dynamics of mechanical point-like particles and forces…
Time-like and space-like invariant space-time intervals are used to analyse measurements of spatial and temporal distances defined by two spatially-separated clocks. The time dilatation effect is confirmed, but not `relativity of…
We present a variant of a Global Navigation Satellite System called a Relativistic Positioning System (RPS), which is based on emission coordinates. We modelled the RPS dynamics in a space-time around Earth, described by a perturbed…
General Relativity describes the trajectories of light-rays through curved spacetime near a massive object. In addition to gravitational lensing, we include an absorbing dielectric medium given by a complex refractive index known as the…
We present first results obtained with a 3+1 dimensional adaptive mesh code in numerical general relativity. The adaptive mesh is used in conjunction with a standard ADM code for the evolution of a dynamically sliced Schwarzschild spacetime…
It is hard to imagine curved spacetimes of General Relativity. A simple but powerful way how to achieve this is visualizing them via embedding diagrams of both ordinary geometry and optical reference geometry. They facilitate to gain an…
Red shift in communication and possibility of interaction is discussed for objects around the event horizon of Schwarzschild space-time. It is pointed out that the arrow of time within the horizon cannot always be inferred by observations…
We consider mappings satisfying an upper bound for the distortion of families of curves. We establish lower bounds for the distortion of distances under such mappings. As applications, we obtain theorems on the discreteness of the limit…
The relativity of Global Positioning System (GPS) pseudorange measurements is explored within the geometrical optics approximation in the curved space-time near Earth. A space-time grid for navigation is created by the discontinuities…
We demonstrate how one can distinguish a curved 4-dimensional spacetime from a flat one, when it is possible, relying only on the causality relations between events. It is known that it is possible only for spacetimes that are not…
Radiative multipole moments of scalar, electromagnetic, and linearized gravitational fields in Schwarzschild spacetime are computed to third order in v in a weak-field, slow-motion approximation, where v is a characteristic velocity…
Local time is the measure of how much time a random walk has visited a given position. In multiple scattering media, where waves are diffuse, local time measures the sensitivity of the waves to the local medium's properties. Local…
The definition of weighted distance measure involves weights. The paper proposes a weighted distance measure without the help of weights. Here, weights are intrinsically added to the measure, and for this, the concept of metric space is…
Using the observed time and spatial intervals defined originally by Einstein and the observation frame in the vierbein formalism, we propose that in curved spacetime, for a wave received in laboratories, the observed frequency is the…
We discuss two space-time models: one is expanding, the other is static. They are both derived from Schwarzschild's exterior solution. But they differ in the implementation of the parallelism at a distance and the choice of their master…
The Gromov-Hausdorff distance measures the similarity between two metric spaces by isometrically embedding them into an ambient metric space. We introduce an analogue of this distance for metric spaces endowed with directed structures. The…