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We propose a general strategy for determining the minimal finite amplitude isturbance to trigger transition to turbulence in shear flows. This involves constructing a variational problem that searches over all disturbances of fixed initial…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2017-04-26 Chris C. T. Pringle , Ashley P. Willis , Rich R. Kerswell

One of the simplest problems involving external vorticity in boundary layer flows is the flow over a semi-infinite plate under a stream of uniform shear. We study the transient growth phenomenon in this flow to investigate the role of…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-06-19 Shyam Sunder Gopalakrishnan , Alakesh Chandra Mandal

This study investigates the minimal seed for laminar-to-turbulent transition in a supersonic boundary layer at $M=3.0$ and $Re=300$ using adjoint-based nonlinear non-modal analysis. While linear theory identifies oblique waves as the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-01-21 Nobutaka Taniguchi , Aiko Yakeno

In the past two decades, our understanding of the transition to turbulence in shear flows with linearly stable laminar solutions has greatly improved. Regarding the susceptibility of the laminar flow, two concepts have been particularly…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-03-13 Nazmi Burak Budanur , Elena Marensi , Ashley P. Willis , Björn Hof

Minimal seeds, the smallest amplitude perturbations that trigger transition to turbulence, are presented in the Stokes boundary layer, the oscillating flow of a viscous fluid above a flat plate. The minimal seed trajectories are dominated…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-04-28 Tom Eaves

The nonlinear and chaotic nature of turbulent flows poses a major challenge for designing effective control strategies to maintain or induce low-drag laminar states. Traditional linear methods often fail to capture the complex dynamics…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-12-12 Jake Buzhardt , Michael D. Graham

Optimal transitional mechanisms are analysed for an incompressible shear layer developing over a short, pressure gradient-induced laminar separation bubble (LSB) with peak reversed flow of 2%. Although the bubble remains globally stable,…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-08-13 Flavio Savarino , Denis Sipp , Georgios Rigas

This paper deals with the optimal streaky perturbations (which maximize the perturbed energy growth) in a wedge flow boundary layer. These three dimensional perturbations are governed by a system of linearized boundary layer equations…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-05-20 Jose J. Sanchez-Alvarez , Maria Higuera , Jose M. Vega

Recent progress in understanding subcritical transition to turbulence is based on the concept of the edge, the manifold separating the basins of attraction of the laminar and the turbulent state. Originally developed in numerical studies of…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2019-10-30 Miguel Beneitez , Yohann Duguet , Philipp Schlatter , Dan S. Henningson

The nonlinear robustness of laminar plane Couette flow is considered under the action of in-phase spanwise wall oscillations by computing properties of the edge of chaos, i.e., the boundary of its basin of attraction. Three measures are…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-05-11 Anton Pershin , Cedric Beaume , Tom S. Eaves , Steven M. Tobias

Linear transient growth analysis is commonly used to suggest the structure of disturbances which are particularly efficient in triggering transition to turbulence in shear flows. We demonstrate that the addition of nonlinearity to the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2010-09-06 Chris C. T. Pringle , Rich R. Kerswell

A variational formulation incorporating the full Navier-Stokes equations is used to identify initial perturbations with finite kinetic energy E_{0} which generate the largest gain in perturbation kinetic energy (across all possible time…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2011-11-30 S. M. E. Rabin , C. P. Caulfield , R. R. Kerswell

The energy gradient method is used to analyze the turbulent generation in the transition boundary layer flow. It is found that the maximum of the energy gradient function occurs at the wall for the Blasius boundary layer flow. At this…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2009-11-13 Hua-Shu Dou , Boo Cheong Khoo

In this work, nonlinear variational optimization is used for obtaining minimal seeds for the formation of turbulent bands in channel flow. Using nonlinear optimization together with energy bisection, we have found that the minimal energy…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-07-22 E. Parente , J-Ch. Robinet , P. De Palma , S. Cherubini

In the context of linear stability analysis, considering unsteady base flows is notoriously difficult. A generalisation of modal linear stability analysis, allowing for arbitrarily unsteady base flows over a finite time, is therefore…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-06-16 Miguel Beneitez , Yohann Duguet , Philipp Schlatter , Dan S. Henningson

The link to the online abstract of this manuscript, accepted in Phys. Rev. Fluids, is https://journals.aps.org/prfluids/accepted/32074S4aH8b1c608e19768b42571f9001086a3f44. A subcritical route to turbulence via purely quasi-two-dimensional…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-11-23 Christopher J. Camobreco , Alban Pothérat , Gregory J. Sheard

The transition to turbulence in flows where the laminar profile is linearly stable requires perturbations of finite amplitude. "Optimal" perturbations are distinguished as extrema of certain functionals, and different functionals give…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-02-09 Marina Pausch , Bruno Eckhardt

The influence of surface roughness on transition to turbulence in a Mach 4.5 boundary layer is studied using direct numerical simulations. Transition is initiated by the nonlinearly most dangerous inflow disturbance, which causes the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-07-19 Reza Jahanbakhshi , Tamer A. Zaki

Enhanced angular momentum transfer through the boundary layer near the surface of weakly magnetised accreting star is required in order to explain the observed accretion timescales in low-mass X-ray binaries, cataclysmic variables or young…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-11-07 V. V. Zhuravlev , D. N. Razdoburdin

Two approaches to the problem of transition to turbulence of shear flows are popular in the literature. The first is the linear one of transient growth which focuses on the likely form of the most 'dangerous' (lowest energy)…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2010-05-11 Chris C. T. Pringle , Rich R. Kerswell
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