English
Related papers

Related papers: Causal inference with recurrent data via inverse p…

200 papers

The development of coherent missing data models to account for nonmonotone missing at random (MAR) data by inverse probability weighting (IPW) remains to date largely unresolved. As a consequence, IPW has essentially been restricted for use…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-01-23 BaoLuo Sun , Eric J. Tchetgen Tchetgen

Many observational studies feature irregular longitudinal data, where the observation times are not common across individuals in the study. Further, the observation times may be related to the longitudinal outcome. In this setting, failing…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-05-27 Grace Tompkins , Joel A Dubin , Michael Wallace

Using offline observational data for policy evaluation and learning allows decision-makers to evaluate and learn a policy that connects characteristics and interventions. Most existing literature has focused on either discrete treatment…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Cheuk Hang Leung , Yiyan Huang , Yijun Li , Qi Wu

The research in this paper gives a systematic investigation on the asymptotic behaviours of four inverse probability weighting (IPW)-based estimators for conditional average treatment effect, with nonparametrically, semiparametrically,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-09-24 Niwen Zhou , Lixing Zhu

Win statistics, including the win ratio, net benefit, and win odds, summarize treatment effects on hierarchical composite endpoints by sequentially comparing patient pairs on component outcomes ordered by clinical importance, proceeding to…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-27 Xi Fang , Fan Li

Case-control studies are designed towards studying associations between risk factors and a single, primary outcome. Information about additional, secondary outcomes is also collected, but association studies targeting such secondary…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-07-17 Tamar Sofer , Marilyn C. Cornelis , Peter Kraft , Eric J. Tchetgen Tchetgen

Marginal structural models are a popular tool for investigating the effects of time-varying treatments, but they require an assumption of no unobserved confounders between the treatment and outcome. With observational data, this assumption…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-06-10 Matthew Blackwell , Soichiro Yamauchi

Estimating population-level effects of a vaccine is challenging because there may be interference, i.e., the outcome of one individual may depend on the vaccination status of another individual. Partial interference occurs when individuals…

Adaptive experiment designs can dramatically improve statistical efficiency in randomized trials, but they also complicate statistical inference. For example, it is now well known that the sample mean is biased in adaptive trials.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-02-16 Vitor Hadad , David A. Hirshberg , Ruohan Zhan , Stefan Wager , Susan Athey

We study off-policy evaluation in the setting of contextual bandits, where we aim to evaluate a new policy using historical data that consists of contexts, actions and received rewards. This historical data typically does not faithfully…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Rong J. B. Zhu

Inverse classification uses an induced classifier as a queryable oracle to guide test instances towards a preferred posterior class label. The result produced from the process is a set of instance-specific feature perturbations, or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-15 Michael T. Lash , Qihang Lin , W. Nick Street

Propensity score methods are widely used for estimating treatment effects from observational studies. A popular approach is to estimate propensity scores by maximum likelihood based on logistic regression, and then apply inverse probability…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-10-24 Zhiqiang Tan

We consider the problem of estimating quantile treatment effects without assuming strict overlap , i.e., we do not assume that the propensity score is bounded away from zero. More specifically, we consider an inverse probability weighting…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-24 Marco Avella-Medina , Richard Davis , Gennady Samorodnitsky

Propensity score weighting is a tool for causal inference to adjust for measured confounders. Survey data are often collected under complex sampling designs such as multistage cluster sampling, which presents challenges for propensity score…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-07-27 Shu Yang

One of the most common ways researchers compare survival outcomes across treatments when confounding is present is using Cox regression. This model is limited by its underlying assumption of proportional hazards; in some cases, substantial…

Applications · Statistics 2021-02-02 Elizabeth A. Handorf , Marc Smaldone , Sujana Movva , Nandita Mitra

Causal inference analyses often use existing observational data, which in many cases has some clustering of individuals. In this paper we discuss propensity score weighting methods in a multilevel setting where within clusters individuals…

Applications · Statistics 2020-12-24 Youjin Lee , Trang Q. Nguyen , Elizabeth A. Stuart

This work aims at solving the problems with intractable sparsity-inducing norms that are often encountered in various machine learning tasks, such as multi-task learning, subspace clustering, feature selection, robust principal component…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-03 Feiping Nie , Zhanxuan Hu , Xiaoqian Wang , Rong Wang , Xuelong Li , Heng Huang

In causal inference confounding may be controlled either through regression adjustment in an outcome model, or through propensity score adjustment or inverse probability of treatment weighting, or both. The latter approaches, which are…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-01-17 Olli Saarela , Léo R. Belzile , David A. Stephens

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) provide strong internal validity compared with observational studies. However, selection bias threatens the external validity of randomized trials. Thus, RCT results may not apply to either broad public…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-04-26 Ziyue Chen , Eloise Kaizar

Inverse probability weighting (IPW) is a general tool in survey sampling and causal inference, used both in Horvitz-Thompson estimators, which normalize by the sample size, and H\'ajek/self-normalized estimators, which normalize by the sum…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-07-13 Samir Khan , Johan Ugander