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By formulating the axioms of quantum mechanics, von Neumann also laid the foundations of a "quantum probability theory". As such, it is regarded a generalization of the "classical probability theory" due to Kolmogorov. Outside of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-17 Maik Reddiger

In two papers entitled "On a new foundation [Neue Begr\"undung] of quantum mechanics," Pascual Jordan (1927b,g) presented his version of what came to be known as the Dirac-Jordan statistical transformation theory. As an alternative that…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2015-06-04 Anthony Duncan , Michel Janssen

This work develops a conceptual framework for the foundations of quantum physics, linking two main approaches: the algebraic formulation and quantum probability. Rather than proposing new axioms or theories, the text reorganizes and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-22 Pandiscia Carlo

In order to study quantum dynamics of the FRW-universe of closed type, definitions of velocity, Hubble function and duration of the evolved universe are introduced into cosmology. The proposed definitions are characterized by high stability…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-05-23 Sergei P. Maydanyuk

Quantum Field Theory (QFT) represents a vast generalization of Quantum Mechanics (QM), as it deals with systems that have an infinite number of degrees of freedom. The Stone-von Neumann theorem, which establishes the equivalence of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-07-13 Ahmed Halawani

In 1929 Heisenberg and Pauli laid the foundations of QFT by quantizing the fields (method of canonical quantization). This general theory of quantized fields has remained undisputed up to now. We show how the unmodified Heisenberg-Pauli…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2008-07-03 Jean-Francois Colombeau , Andre Gsponer , Bernard Perrot

The persistent debate about the reality of a quantum state has recently come under limelight because of its importance to quantum information and the quantum computing community. Almost all of the deliberations are taking place using the…

Popular Physics · Physics 2022-10-26 Mani L. Bhaumik

The primary motivation for Moyal's approach to quantum mechanics was to develop a phase space formalism for quantum phenomena by generalising the techniques of classical probability theory. To this end, Moyal introduced a quantum version of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-11-12 B. J. Hiley

In classical theory, the physical systems are elucidated through the concepts of particles and waves, which aim to describe the reality of the physical system with certainty. In this framework, particles are mathematically represented by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-25 Mohammad Vahid Takook , Ali Mohammad-Djafari

This paper addresses the question why quantum mechanics is formulated in a unitary Hilbert space, i.e. in a manifestly complex setting. Investigating the linear dynamics of real quantum theory in a finite-dimensional Euclidean Hilbert space…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-31 Andreas Aste

In the first part of this paper the general perspective of history quantum theories is reviewed. History quantum theories provide a conceptual and mathematical framework for formulating quantum theories without a globally defined…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Oliver Rudolph

In glaring contrast to its indisputable century-old experimental success, the ultimate objects and meaning of quantum physics remain a matter of vigorous debate among physicists and philosophers of science. This article attempts to shed new…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2019-08-21 Thierry Batard

We show how quantum mechanics can be understood as a space-time theory provided that its spatial continuum is modelled by a variable real number (qrumber) continuum. Such a continuum can be constructed using only standard Hilbert space…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 J. Corbett , T. Durt

We consider a quantum channel acting on an infinite dimensional von Neumann algebra of operators on a separable Hilbert space. When there exists an invariant normal faithful state, the cyclic properties of such channels are investigated…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2020-02-19 Raffaella Carbone , Anna Jenčová

We provide an introduction to the theory of quantum measurements that is centered on the pivotal role played by John von Neumann's model. This introduction is accessible to students and researchers from outside the field of foundations of…

The (consistent or decoherent) histories interpretation provides a consistent realistic ontology for quantum mechanics, based on two main ideas. First, a logic (system of reasoning) is employed which is compatible with the Hilbert-space…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-02-13 Robert B. Griffiths

Since its inception, quantum theory has been the subject of fierce interpretive controversy, which persists to this day. Disputed topics include the basic ontology and dynamics of the theory, the role (if any) of measurement, the meaning of…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2025-12-30 Tim Maudlin

For a quantum field living on a non - static spacetime no instantaneous Hamiltonian is definable, for this generically necessitates a choice of inequivalent representation of the canonical commutation relations at each instant of time. This…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-07-19 C. Anastopoulos

It is shown that quantum mechanics is noncontextual if quantum properties are represented by subspaces of the quantum Hilbert space (as proposed by von Neumann) rather than by hidden variables. In particular, a measurement using an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-02-21 Robert B. Griffiths

After reviewing the role of phase in quantum mechanics, I discuss, with the aid of a number of unpublished documents, the development of quantum phase operators in the 1960's. Interwoven in the discussion are the critical physics questions…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-07-19 Michael Martin Nieto