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In this paper we present a fully relativistic approach to modelling both the continuum emission and the reflected fluorescent iron line from a primary X-ray source near a Kerr black hole. The X-ray source is located above an accretion disc…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Y. Dabrowski , A. N. Lasenby

This paper investigates the observable properties of a Kerr-Sen black hole surrounded by a thin accretion disk, focusing on the impact of the black hole's spin and charge on the image. Using ray-tracing techniques, we conduct a detailed…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-24 Pei Wang , Sen Guo , Li-Fang Li , Zhan-Feng Mai , Bo-Feng Wu , Wen-Hao Deng , Qing-Quan Jiang

Radiation pressure-dominated accretion disks are predicted to exhibit strong density inhomogeneities on scales much smaller than the disk scale height, due to the nonlinear development of photon bubble instability. Radiation would escape…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Mitchell C. Begelman

The study of radiation emitted from black hole accretion discs represents a crucial way to understand the main physical properties of these sources, and in particular the black hole spin. Beside spectral analysis, polarimetry is becoming…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-12-23 Roberto Taverna , Lorenzo Marra , Stefano Bianchi , Mičhal Dovciak , René Goosmann , Frederic Marin , Giorgio Matt , Wenda Zhang

The black hole X-ray binary H1743-322 lies in a region of the Galaxy with high extinction, and therefore it has not been possible to make a dynamical mass measurement. In this paper we make use of a recent model which uses the X-ray…

The standard alpha-disc model predicts an anti-correlation between the density of the inner accretion disc and the black hole mass times square of the accretion rate, as seen in higher mass ($M_{\rm BH}>10^{6} M_{\odot}$) active galactic…

(Abridged) To gain insight into the dynamical influence of a supermassive black hole binary on a circumbinary accretion disk, we investigate the binary and viscous torque densities throughout such a disk, with emphasis on the final density…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-07 Michal Pirog , Siddharth Mahesh , Sean T. McWilliams

Very steep reflection emissivity profiles in the inner part of accretion disks are commonly found in the analysis of X-ray observations of black hole binaries and AGN, but there is some debate about their exact origin. While steep…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-05-31 Askar B. Abdikamalov , Dimitry Ayzenberg , Cosimo Bambi , Honghui Liu , Yuexin Zhang

Robustly measuring binary black hole spins via gravitational waves is key to understanding these systems' astrophysical origins, but remains challenging -- especially for high-mass systems, whose signals are short and dominated by the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-20 Simona J. Miller , Maximiliano Isi , Katerina Chatziioannou , Vijay Varma , Sophie Hourihane

Characterizing the properties of black holes is one of the most important science objectives for gravitational-wave observations. Astrophysical evidence suggests that black holes that are nearly extremal (i.e. spins near the theoretical…

We investigate the accretion induced spin up of the black hole via numerical simulations. Our method is based on general-relativistic magneto-hydrodynamics of the slowly-rotating flows in the Kerr metric, where possibly transonic shock…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-05-26 Dominika Ł. Król , Agnieszka Janiuk

Spectro-polarimetric signatures of accretion disks in X-ray binaries and active galactic nuclei contain information about the masses and spins of their central black holes, as well as the geometry of matter close to the compact objects.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-08-30 Vladislav Loktev , Alexandra Veledina , Juri Poutanen , Joonas Nättilä , Valery F. Suleimanov

Accretion discs around black holes in X-ray binary stars are warped if the spin axis of the black hole is not perpendicular to the binary orbital plane. They can also become eccentric through an instability involving a resonance with the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Gordon I. Ogilvie , Barbara T. Ferreira

Using the semi-analytic model Serotina, we investigate the cosmic spin evolution of supermassive black holes incorporating recent results from general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics simulations of spin-down from relativistic jets. We…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-10-11 Angelo Ricarte , Priyamvada Natarajan , Ramesh Narayan , Daniel C. M. Palumbo

We discuss the expected X-ray spectral and variability properties of black hole accretion discs at high luminosity, under the hypothesis that radiation pressure dominated discs are subject to violent clumping instabilities and, as a result,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-09-17 A. Merloni , J. Malzac , A. C. Fabian , R. R. Ross

The spins of a number of supermassive and stellar-mass black holes have been measured based on detections of thermal continuum emission and relativistically broadened iron lines in their x-ray spectra. Likewise, quasiperiodic variability…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-23 Tim Johannsen

Can we determine a spin parameter of a black hole by observation of a black hole shadow in an accretion disk? In order to answer this question, we make a qualitative analysis and a quantitative analysis of a shape and a position of a black…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-10 Rohta Takahashi

The black hole binary Cygnus X-1 was observed in late-2012 with the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) and Suzaku, providing spectral coverage over the ~1-300 keV range. The source was in the soft state with a multi-temperature…

4U 1543-47 is a low mass X-ray binary which harbours a stellar-mass black hole located in our Milky Way galaxy. In this paper, we revisit 7 data sets which were in the Steep Power Law state of the 2002 outburst. The spectra were observed by…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-03-11 Yanting Dong , Javier A. García , James F. Steiner , Lijun Gou

In this thesis a computational tool for modelling spectral features of X-ray sources in a strong gravitational field is developed. Six transfer functions, the gravitational and Doppler shift, lensing, emission angle, relative time delay,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-09-29 Michal Dovciak