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The crossing number ${\mbox {cr}}(G)$ of a graph $G=(V,E)$ is the smallest number of edge crossings over all drawings of $G$ in the plane. For any $k\ge 1$, the $k$-planar crossing number of $G$, ${\mbox {cr}}_k(G)$, is defined as the…

We introduce the triple crossing number, a variation of crossing number, of a graph, which is the minimal number of crossing points in all drawings with only triple crossings of the graph. It is defined to be zero for a planar graph, and to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-01-16 Hiroyuki Tanaka , Masakazu Teragaito

The crossing number of a graph $G$ is the minimum number of edge crossings over all drawings of $G$ in the plane. A graph $G$ is $k$-crossing-critical if its crossing number is at least $k$, but if we remove any edge of $G$, its crossing…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-09-22 János Barát , Géza Tóth

In this note we provide an improved upper bound on the biplanar crossing number of the 8-dimensional hypercube. The $k$-planar crossing number of a graph $cr_k(G)$ is the number of crossings required when every edge of $G$ must be drawn in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-11-06 Gregory Clark , Gwen Spencer

A drawing of a graph in the plane is called 1-planar if each edge is crossed at most once. A graph together with a 1-planar drawing is a 1-plane graph. A 1-plane graph $G$ with exactly $4|V (G)|-8$ edges is called optimal. The crossing…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-15 Zhangdong Ouyang , Yuanqiu Huang , Licheng Zhang

The crossing number cr(G) of a graph G is the minimum number of crossings in a nondegenerate planar drawing of G. The rectilinear crossing number cr'(G) of G is the minimum number of crossings in a rectilinear nondegenerate planar drawing…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-12-16 Ellen Gethner , Leslie Hogben , Bernard Lidický , Florian Pfender , Amanda Ruiz , Michael Young

A 1-planar graph is a graph which has a drawing on the plane such that each edge is crossed at most once. If a 1-planar graph is drawn in that way, the drawing is called a {\it 1-plane graph}. A graph is maximal 1-plane (or 1-planar) if no…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-01 Zhangdong Ouyang , Yuanqiu Huang , Licheng Zhang , Fengming Dong

We define a new kind of crossing number which generalizes both the bipartite crossing number and the outerplanar crossing number. We calculate exact values of this crossing number for many complete bipartite graphs and also give a lower…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Adrian Riskin

The crossing number $cr(G)$ of a graph $G=(V,E)$ is the smallest number of edge crossings over all drawings of $G$ in the plane. For any $k\ge 1$, the $k$-planar crossing number of $G$, $cr_k(G)$, is defined as the minimum of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-12-27 János Pach , László A. Székely , Csaba D. Tóth , Géza Tóth

The crossing number is the smallest number of pairwise edge-crossings when drawing a graph into the plane. There are only very few graph classes for which the exact crossing number is known or for which there at least exist constant…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2017-10-13 Therese Biedl , Markus Chimani , Martin Derka , Petra Mutzel

Given an n-vertex graph G, a drawing of G in the plane is a mapping of its vertices into points of the plane, and its edges into continuous curves, connecting the images of their endpoints. A crossing in such a drawing is a point where two…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2010-10-20 Julia Chuzhoy , Yury Makarychev , Anastasios Sidiropoulos

The crossing number of a graph is the minimum number of crossings in a drawing of the graph in the plane. Our main result is that every graph $G$ that does not contain a fixed graph as a minor has crossing number $O(\Delta n)$, where $G$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-08-01 Vida Dujmović , Ken-ichi Kawarabayashi , Bojan Mohar , David R. Wood

Bundling crossings is a strategy which can enhance the readability of drawings. In this paper we consider good drawings, i.e., we require that any two edges have at most one common point which can be a common vertex or a crossing. Our main…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2021-10-01 Alan Arroyo , Stefan Felsner

In this work, we study a mathematically rigorous metric of a graph visualization quality under conditions that relate to visualizing a bipartite graph. Namely we study rectilinear crossing number in a special arrangement of the complete…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-25 Mohsen Nafar

A graph is $k$-planar if it can be drawn in the plane such that no edge is crossed more than $k$ times. While for $k=1$, optimal $1$-planar graphs, i.e., those with $n$ vertices and exactly $4n-8$ edges, have been completely characterized,…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2017-03-21 Michael A. Bekos , Michael Kaufmann , Chrysanthi N. Raftopoulou

A bipartite graph $G = (X \cup Y, E)$ is a 2-layer $k$-planar graph if it admits a drawing on the plane such that the vertices in $X$ and $Y$ are placed on two parallel lines respectively, edges are drawn as straight-line segments, and…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Yuto Okada

The study of nonplanar drawings of graphs with restricted crossing configurations is a well-established topic in graph drawing, often referred to as beyond-planar graph drawing. One of the most studied types of drawings in this area are the…

For all $k \geq 1$, we show that deciding whether a graph is $k$-planar is NP-complete, extending the well-known fact that deciding 1-planarity is NP-complete. Furthermore, we show that the gap version of this decision problem is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-05-19 John C. Urschel , Jake Wellens

The crossing number of a graph $G$, ${\mbox{cr}}(G)$, is the minimum number of crossings, the pair-crossing number, ${\mbox{pcr}}(G)$, is the minimum number of pairs of crossing edges over all drawings of $G$. In this note we show that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-01 János Karl , Géza Tóth

We study the algorithmic aspect of edge bundling. A bundled crossing in a drawing of a graph is a group of crossings between two sets of parallel edges. The bundled crossing number is the minimum number of bundled crossings that group all…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2016-09-02 Md. Jawaherul Alam , Martin Fink , Sergey Pupyrev
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